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Epidemiology/Health Services Research
Periodontitis, edentulism and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
  1. Zuila Albuquerque Taboza1,
  2. Katia Linhares Costa1,
  3. Virginia Régia Silveira2,
  4. Flavia Aparecida Furlaneto3,
  5. Renan Montenegro Jr4,
  6. Stefanie Russell5,
  7. Ananda Dasanayake5,
  8. Rodrigo O Rego2,5
  1. 1Department of Clinical Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
  2. 2Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Sobral, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
  3. 3Department of Surgery and Bucco-Maxillofacial Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
  4. 4Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
  5. 5Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York City, New York, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Rodrigo O Rego; rodrigorego{at}yahoo.com

Abstract

Objectives To compare the glycemic control in non-smoking patients with type 2 diabetes according to their periodontal and dental status.

Research design and methods This cross-sectional study investigated patients previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and under antidiabetic medication. Clinical data and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were collected from medical and dental records. Patients were divided into three groups according to dental and periodontal diagnosis: no or mild periodontitis (NO/MILD, n=96), moderate or severe periodontitis (MOD/SEV, n=74) and edentulous (n=141). FBG levels were compared between groups. Logistic regression was also applied to estimate the OR of presenting hyperglycemia.

Results Edentulous patients had significantly higher FBG levels of 155.7±70.9 (mean±SD mg/dL) than those in the MOD/SEV (136.6±33.8) and the NO/MILD (123.1±36.7) groups. Differences between the latter two groups were also significant. Edentulous patients had adjusted ORs of 4.53, 4.27 and 3.95 of having FBG≥126, ≥150 and ≥180 mg/dL, respectively, in comparison with NO/MILD group. The MOD/SEV group also presented significant odds of having FBG≥126 mg/dL (OR=2.66) and ≥150 mg/dL (OR=2.45) than the NO/MILD group.

Conclusions Patients in the MOD/SEV group had worse glycemic control than the ones in the NO/MILD group. However, edentulous patients presented higher glycemic levels than both dentate groups, and also presented with higher odds of having hyperglycemia.

  • oral health issues
  • glycemic control
  • fasting blood glucose

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000453

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors ROR conceptualized the study and wrote the manuscript. AD conducted the data analysis and aided in writing the paper. ZAT collected the data and contributed to writing the manuscript. RMJr and SR contributed to writing, editing and revising the manuscript. FAF and VRS reviewed and edited the manuscript. KLC collected the data and reviewed the manuscript. All authors gave final approval and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

    • Funding This study was sponsored by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Ministry of Education, Brazil (Grants: Estagio Senior 99999.002461/2015-03 and PROCAD NF 2313/2008), and Ceara State Research Foundation (FUNCAP), Ceara State Department of Science and Technology, Brazil (Grant 266.0100/09).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Obtained.

    • Ethics approval The Ethics Committees of the Federal University of Ceara and the State University of the Acarau Valley, Brazil.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement No additional data are available.