Demographic and clinical characteristics of study patients
| n (%) | |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Male | 52 (46) |
| Female | 61 (54) |
| Age (years) | |
| <50 | 20 (18) |
| 50–60 | 34 (30) |
| 61–70 | 22 (19) |
| 71–80 | 24 (21) |
| >80 | 13 (12) |
| Race | |
| Black | 30 (27) |
| White | 83 (73) |
| Education | |
| High (>12 years) | 52 (46) |
| Low (<12 years) | 61 (54) |
| Annual Income ($) | |
| <25 000 | 65 (58) |
| 25 001–50 000 | 34 (30) |
| 50 001–75 000 | 5 (4) |
| 75 001–100 000 | 4 (4) |
| >100 000 | 4 (4) |
| Health insurance | |
| Yes | 101 (89) |
| No | 12 (11) |
| Ophthalmologist | |
| Yes | 72 (64) |
| No | 41 (36) |
| Last dilated fundus examination | |
| <1 year | 45 (40) |
| >1 year | 60 (53) |
| Never | 6 (5) |
| Not sure | 2 (2) |
| Knowledge that DR can affect vision | |
| Yes | 103 (91) |
| No | 10 (9) |
| Type of diabetes | |
| Type 1 | 5 (4) |
| Type 2 | 108 (96) |
| Duration of diabetes | |
| Recent (≤10 years) | 61 (54) |
| Not recent (>10 years) | 44 (39) |
| Unknown | 7 (6) |
| A1C% (mmol/mol) | |
| <6.5 (48) | 21 (19) |
| 6.5–8.5 (48–69) | 38 (34) |
| 8.6–10.5 (70–91) | 14 (12) |
| >10.5 (91) | 16 (14) |
| Not available | 24 (21) |
| Hypertension | |
| Yes | 96 (85) |
| No | 17 (15) |
| Hyperlipidemia | |
| Yes | 77 (68) |
| No | 36 (32) |
| Coronary artery disease | |
| Yes | 59 (52) |
| No | 54 (54) |
| Renal disease | |
| Yes | 28 (25) |
| No | 85 (75) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | |
| Yes | 62 (55) |
| No | 51 (45) |
| Reason for admission | |
| Diabetes-related* | 8 (7) |
| Cardiac | 22 (19) |
| Stroke/TIA | 11 (10) |
| Non-healing diabetic ulcer/osteomyelitis | 19 (17) |
| Other | 62 (55) |
*Excluding non-healing diabetic ulcers/osteomyelitis.
DR, diabetic retinopathy.