Baseline clinical characteristics and prevalence CVD according to intensification strategy
| Groups with DM therapy intensified | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin | GLP-1RA | +1 ODM | p value | Control | p value | |
| N | n=372 | n=59 | n=883 | n=2017 | ||
| Age (years) | 60.8±14.2 | 56.9±11.7 | 62.8±12.8 | 0.0006 | 67.1±13.2 | <0.0001 |
| Percentage of African-American | 24.7 | 8.6 | 20.5 | 0.0147 | 22.6 | 0.03 |
| Percentage of female | 54.1 | 62.1 | 52.5 | 0.35 | 55.4 | 0.33 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.0±7.2 | 36.8±6.6 | 33.6±7.1 | 0.0011 | 32.5±7.2 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 9.2±1.9 77 | 8.33±1.2 67 | 8.2±1.3 66 | <0.0001 | 7.6±1.1 61 | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.15±0.96 | 1.01±0.36 | 1.01±0.36 | 0.0008 | 1.07±0.45 | 0.0001 |
| Prevalence of CVD at baseline | ||||||
| Related to CAD* | 48.9 | 30.5 | 38.4 | 0.0006 | 42.0 | 0.002 |
| Related to CBVD* | 16.9 | 3.4 | 12.1 | 0.0054 | 15.7 | 0.003 |
| Related to other CVD* | 54.3 | 28.8 | 38.3 | <0.0001 | 45.7 | <0.0001 |
| Related to any CVD* | 65.3 | 39.0 | 54.1 | <0.0001 | 59.1 | <0.0001 |
Cases refers to number of participants in each group with available data for each specified characteristic. Data are shown as mean ±STD unless otherwise indicated.
*Presented as % of participants.
BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CBVD, cerebrovascular disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; GLP-1RA, glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 agonist; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; ODM, oral diabetes medications.