Participant characteristics at baseline (Y0) stratified by Y25 outcome
| Absence of pre-diabetes or diabetes at Y25 (n=1646) | Pre-diabetes at Y25 (n=1319) | Diabetes at Y25 (n=393) | p Value from ANOVA F-test or χ2 test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 24.8 (3.6) | 25.3 (3.6) | 25.5 (3.6) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (4.3) | 24.5 (4.6) | 28.2 (5.8) | <0.0001 |
| Weight (lbs) | 148.9 (31.6) | 158.1 (32.9) | 180.0 (41.8) | <0.0001 |
| Race | ||||
| Black | 36% | 54% | 69% | <0.0001 |
| White | 64% | 46% | 31% | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 37% | 50% | 45% | <0.0001 |
| Female | 63% | 50% | 55% | |
| Treadmill duration (s) | 604 (176) | 589 (183) | 508 (176) | <0.0001 |
| Self-reported physical activity (exercise units) | 424 (286) | 424 (308) | 385 (294) | 0.053 |
| AmMedDiet score (range 0–15) | 7.1 (2.1) | 6.9 (2.1) | 6.5 (1.9) | <0.0001 |
Data are means (SD) or per cent. The AmMedDiet diet score ranged from 0 (least similar to an Americanized Mediterranean dietary intake pattern) to 15 (most similar to an Americanized Mediterranean dietary intake pattern). Three hundred exercise units are approximately equal to 150 min of moderate physical activity per week.24
AmMedDiet, Americanized Mediterranean diet; BMI, body mass index.