Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics
| n | 20 (Switch) | 5 (Addition) |
| Male:female | 15:5 | 3:2 |
| Age (years) | 67.6±9.0 | 71.2±4.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1±4.0 | 26.6±3.3 |
| BP (mm Hg) | 130.9±12.3/71.8±10.8 | 145.4±18.5/73.0±6.8 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.3±0.9 | 7.8±0.9 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 153.7±38.5 | 182.8±80.5 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 91.5±25.4 | 104.2±17.6 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 50.2±13.9 | 46.8±11.0 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 165.6±98.7 | 123.2±46.6 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 20.3±9.8 | 21.0±6.4 |
| UA (mg/dL) | 5.5±1.3 | 4.6±1.3 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 74.0±18.4 | 66.3±23.9 |
| eGFR>90(mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | 5 (25) | 1 (20) |
| eGFR 60–90 (mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | 10 (50) | 2 (40) |
| eGFR 30–60 (mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | 5 (25) | 2 (40) |
| Cystatin C (mg/dL) | 0.95±0.23 | 0.98±0.35 |
| UACR (mg/g Cr) | 206.4±343.9 | 172.3±139.4 |
| UACR 30–300 (mg/g Cr), n (%) | 16 (80) | 4 (80) |
| UACR>300 (mg/g Cr), n (%) | 4 (20) | 1 (20) |
| UACR (log) (mg/g Cr) | 1.95±0.51 | 1.99±0.38 |
| ULFABP>5.0 (μg/g Cr), n (%) | 8 (40) | 3 (60) |
| ULFABP (μg/g Cr) | 8.5±2.8 | 6.4±0.95 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 15.1±7.6 | 12.4±4.8 |
Data are the mean±SD, or n (%).
ALT, alanine transaminase; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; Cr, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; Hb1Ac, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; UA, uric acid; UACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; ULFABP, urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein to creatinine ratio.