HR (95% CI) for diabetes associated with statin use at visit prior to diabetes diagnosis
| Adjusted models | Pooled | Placebo | Metformin | Lifestyle | Group p value |
| Model 1: demographic | 1.36 (1.17 to1.59) | 1.21 (0.93 to 1.57) | 1.33 (1.02 to 1.73) | 1.59 (1.21 to 2.10) | 0.36 |
| Model 2: 1+baseline diabetes risk factors | 1.35 (1.15 to1.57) | 1.18 (0.90 to 1.54) | 1.37 (1.05 to 1.78) | 1.53 (1.16 to 2.03) | 0.41 |
| Model 3: 2+updated statin confounders | 1.27 (1.08 to1.50) | 1.15 (0.87 to 1.53) | 1.31 (0.99 to 1.73) | 1.36 (1.00 to 1.86) | 0.71 |
| Model 4: 2+updated diabetes risk factors | 1.27 (1.08 to1.49) | 1.19 (0.91 to 1.55) | 1.36 (1.04 to 1.76) | 1.37 (1.04 to 1.81) | 0.71 |
| Model 5: fully adjusted | 1.27 (1.08 to1.50) | 1.20 (0.90 to 1.59) | 1.33 (1.01 to 1.76) | 1.43 (1.06 to 1.94) | 0.70 |
Adjusted HRs for updated statin use are noted in bold at significance level of α=0.05 based on the following models: 1: age, sex, and race/ethnicity; 2: model 1+baseline diabetes risk factors (family history of diabetes, fasting plasma glucose, log Insulinogenic Index, log 1/fasting insulin, waist); 3: model 2+time-dependent statin treatment confounders (use of antihypertensive medications, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol), which were updated until visit prior to statin initiation or diabetes assessment, plus baseline SES (years of education and household income) and reported history of cardiovascular disease at baseline; 4: model 2+time-dependent diabetes risk factors (log 1/fasting insulin, log Insulinogenic Index, waist) updated until the visit prior to the assessment of diabetes; 5: model 3+updated diabetes risk factors. Group p value represents the test for heterogeneity of HR among treatment group.
HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; SES, socioeconomic status.