Table 3

Summary of clinical measurements by type of treatment used (insulin vs tablet/diet control) and duration of diabetes (≥5 years vs <5 years)

Variable	Therapy				Mean difference (S – N)			P values	Duration				Mean difference (S – N)			P values
	Insulin		Tablet/diet control		Difference	95% confidence limits			≥5 years		˂ 5 years		Difference	95% confidence limits
	n=37		n=163			95% confidence limits			n=46		n=154			95% confidence limits
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Lower	Upper		Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Lower	Upper
Age (years)	59.4	11.3	50.2	10.9	9.2	5.3	13.1	<0.001*	61.3	10.5	49.1	10.3	12.2	8.7	15.6	<0.001*
HbA1c	9	1.4	7.6	1.4	1.4	0.9	1.9	<0.001*	9	1.4	7.6	1.4	1.4	0.9	1.9	<0.001*
Fasting blood sugar	170.7	41.7	135.1	33.7	35.6	20.9	50.4	<0.001*	168.7	42.2	133.6	32.5	35.1	21.5	48.5	<0.001*
Systolic blood pressure	133.8	13.2	129	12.3	4.8	0.3	9.3	0.04*	135.7	13.9	128.2	11.7	7.5	3	12	<0.001*
Diastolic blood pressure	85.1	9.6	83.3	8.7	1.8	−1.3	5.1	0.25	85.4	9.8	83.1	8.6	2.3	−5.6	5.3	0.11

Significance of mean differences were obtained using Independent-samples t-tests.
*P values significant at <0.05.