Original articleThe Relative Benefits of Endurance and Strength Training on the Metabolic Factors and Muscle Function of People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Section snippets
Study Population
We randomized 43 patients from our diabetes outpatient department—22 men (mean age ± standard error [SE], 56.5±0.9y; range, 51–69y) and 21 women (mean age, 57.4±0.9y; range, 50–70y)—between September 2000 and May 2002 who had T2D and no complications or comorbid conditions. The patients were consecutively divided into 2 groups (ST vs ET); none from either group was involved in organized ET programs. One subject did not complete the study because of health reasons unrelated to the investigation
Results
At study entry, both exercise groups had similar profiles for all parameters examined except for TG and FBG. Participants who undertook ST had both higher TG baseline levels (229±25mmol/L vs 146±14mmol/L, P=.01) and FBG baseline levels (204±16 vs 160±9, P=.04) than the ET group.
After the 4-month ST period, there were highly significant changes in the maximum strength of all muscle groups, as well as a highly significant increase of LBM. In addition, there were significant changes in glycemic
Discussion
We found significant improvements in long-term glycemic control, as shown by reduced Hb A1c levels and an improved IR estimated by HOMA, in participants with diabetes on ST. The effects of ET on the respective parameters, however, were only moderate.
Maximum strength (1-RM) of all muscle groups increased after 4 months of ST in contrast with no improvements after 4 months of ET, with the exception of a small increase in leg press. Additional improvements were observed in Vo2peak after ET,
Conclusions
ST was better than ET in all metabolic parameters measured in regard to an improvement in metabolic parameters. The positive changes observed in the muscular system coincided with highly significant improvements in metabolic control that resulted in a decreased atherogenic lipid profile. With the advantage of an improved lipid profile, we recommend ST for the treatment of T2D.
Acknowledgments
We thank Heinz Tüchler for his statistical analysis.
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Supported by the Jubiläumsfond of the Austrian National Bank (project no. 8537).
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