Abstract
Insulin resistance has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and thus with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Insulin resistance precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes by many years. Targeting the pathophysiologic defects that characterize the onset of diabetes is more likely to achieve a durable glucose control and to delay disease progression. Incretins are gut-derived peptides that stimulate in a glucose-dependent mechanism insulin secretion and action. Glucose-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors both decrease fasting and postprandial glucose levels. In addition, GLP-1 analogues promote weight loss and exert a favorable effect on several cardiovascular risk factors. Data from human and experimental studies implicate that GLP-1 analogues and to a less extend DPP-4 inhibitors enhance insulin sensitivity. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the impact of GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors on insulin resistance.
Keywords: DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes.
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Incretin-based Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Insulin Resistance
Volume: 9 Issue: 5
Author(s): Pinelopi Grigoropoulou, Ioanna Eleftheriadou, Christos Zoupas, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis and Nicholas Tentolouris
Affiliation:
Keywords: DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: Insulin resistance has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and thus with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Insulin resistance precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes by many years. Targeting the pathophysiologic defects that characterize the onset of diabetes is more likely to achieve a durable glucose control and to delay disease progression. Incretins are gut-derived peptides that stimulate in a glucose-dependent mechanism insulin secretion and action. Glucose-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors both decrease fasting and postprandial glucose levels. In addition, GLP-1 analogues promote weight loss and exert a favorable effect on several cardiovascular risk factors. Data from human and experimental studies implicate that GLP-1 analogues and to a less extend DPP-4 inhibitors enhance insulin sensitivity. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the impact of GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors on insulin resistance.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Grigoropoulou Pinelopi, Eleftheriadou Ioanna, Zoupas Christos, Diamanti-Kandarakis Evanthia and Tentolouris Nicholas, Incretin-based Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Insulin Resistance, Current Diabetes Reviews 2013; 9 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990070
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990070 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Medical Management of the Diabetic Patient with Coronary Artery Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Statins May Prevent Atherosclerotic Disease in OSA Patients without Co-Morbidities?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Evaluating the Safety and Tolerability of Azilsartan Medoxomil Alone or in Combination With Chlorthalidone in the Management of Hypertension: A Systematic Review
Current Hypertension Reviews Toll-Like Receptors and Human Disease: Lessons from Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Current Genomics Echocardiogram versus Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy – A Case Report
New Emirates Medical Journal Chronic Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer: The Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Overview of Compounds Derived from the Shikimate and Phenylpropanoid Pathways and Their Medicinal Importance
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Metabolic Syndrome and Asthma
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Targeting Inflammation in Primary Cardiovascular Prevention
Current Pharmaceutical Design Antioxidant Properties and Medicinal Uses of Some Crataegus Spp. (Hawthorn) Including <i>C. meyeri</i> and <i>C. pontica</i>
Current Nutrition & Food Science Editorial: The Interplay between TSH and Lipids. What Should Clinicians Know?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Recent Patents on Accuracy of Blood Pressure Measurement
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Effect of Flaxseed on Blood Lipid Level in Hyperlipidemic Patients
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Regulatory T Cells and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells as Critical Immune Modulators in Atherogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Subject Index Volume 6
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Use of Intracoronary Gene Transfer of Fibroblast Growth Factor for Coronary Artery Disease
Current Gene Therapy Linagliptin: A Novel Xanthine-Based Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor for Treatment of Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Purinergic Signalling and Endothelium
Current Vascular Pharmacology When Nutraceuticals Reinforce Drugs Side Effects: A Case Report
Current Drug Safety Indazole Derivatives: Promising Anti-tumor Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry