You are here

  • Home
  • Archive
  • Volume 4, Issue 1
  • Association of Mediterranean diet and cardiorespiratory fitness with the development of pre-diabetes and diabetes: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study

Article Text

Article menu

Download PDFPDF

Epidemiology/health services research
Association of Mediterranean diet and cardiorespiratory fitness with the development of pre-diabetes and diabetes: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study
  1. Anne E Bantle1,
  2. Lisa S Chow1,
  3. Lyn M Steffen2,
  4. Qi Wang3,
  5. John Hughes4,
  6. Nefertiti H Durant5,
  7. Katherine H Ingram6,
  8. Jared P Reis7,
  9. Pamela J Schreiner2
  1. 1Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  2. 2Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  3. 3Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  4. 4Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  5. 5Division of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
  6. 6Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia, USA
  7. 7Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Anne E Bantle; bant0015{at}umn.edu

Abstract

Objective To better understand the association between a modified Mediterranean diet pattern in young adulthood, cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood, and the odds of developing pre-diabetes or diabetes by middle age.

Research design and methods Participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who did not have pre-diabetes or diabetes at baseline (year 0 (Y0), ages 18–30) and who had data available at the Y0 and year 25 (Y25) visits were included in this analysis (n=3358). Polytomous logistic regression models were used to assess the association between baseline dietary intake and fitness data and odds of pre-diabetes or diabetes by middle age (Y25, ages 43–55).

Results At the Y25 visit, 1319 participants (39%) had pre-diabetes and 393 (12%) had diabetes. Higher baseline fitness was associated with lower odds of pre-diabetes and of diabetes at Y25. After adjustment for covariates, each SD increment in treadmill duration (181 s) was associated with lower odds for pre-diabetes (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.95, p=0.005) and for diabetes (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.85, p=0.0002) when compared to normal glycemia. A modified Mediterranean diet pattern was not associated with either pre-diabetes or diabetes. No interaction between cardiorespiratory fitness and dietary intake was observed, but baseline fitness remained independently associated with incident pre-diabetes and diabetes following adjustment for diet.

Conclusions Higher cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood, but not a modified Mediterranean diet pattern, is associated with lower odds of pre-diabetes and of diabetes in middle age.

Trial registration number NCT00005130.

  • Adult Diabetes
  • Risk Factors
  • Diet
  • Fitness

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000229

Statistics from Altmetric.com

    Request Permissions

    If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.

    View Full Text