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  • Appendicular muscle mass and fasting triglycerides predict serum liver aminotransferases in young female collegiate athletes

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Cardiovascular and metabolic risk
Appendicular muscle mass and fasting triglycerides predict serum liver aminotransferases in young female collegiate athletes
  1. Satomi Minato1,2,
  2. Kaori Kitaoka1,3,
  3. Mika Takeuchi4,
  4. Ayaka Tsuboi1,5,
  5. Miki Kurata1,4,
  6. Shigehiro Tanaka6,
  7. Tsutomu Kazumi1,7,
  8. Keisuke Fukuo1,4
  1. 1Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
  2. 2Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Japan
  3. 3Department of Welfare and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Welfare, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Kashiwara, Osaka, Japan
  4. 4Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
  5. 5Department of Nutrition, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  6. 6Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
  7. 7Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
  1. Correspondence to Dr Tsutomu Kazumi; kazumi{at}mukogawa-u.ac.jp

Abstract

Objective We test the hypothesis that aspartate aminotransferase (AST) may be associated inversely with serum triglycerides (TG) and positively with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in young athletes because athletes have larger amounts of muscle mass.

Research design and methods Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between serum AST and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and body composition identified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, markers of insulin resistance, serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, adiponectin and leptin in 174 female collegiate athletes (18–22 years). Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify independent determinants of the aminotransferases.

Results AST and ALT showed positive correlation with appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and height-adjusted ASM. In addition, ALT as well as AST showed inverse, not positive, association with fasting TG. Further, both AST and ALT showed positive associations with HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI, a major apolipoprotein of HDL particles. Multivariate analysis revealed that height-adjusted ASM and TG (inverse) were independent determinants for AST and ALT. Further, fat mass index (inverse) and resting heart rate (inverse) predicted AST and apolipoprotein AI predicted ALT.

Conclusions In young female collegiate athletes, both serum AST and ALT showed inverse association with fasting TG and positive association with apoAI, both of which may be mediated through positive association between the aminotransferases and ASM. The association between ALT and TG is opposite in direction in young athletes (inverse) and in the general population (positive).

  • aspartate aminotransferase
  • alanine aminotransferase
  • skeletal muscle mass
  • young athletes
  • insulin resistance
  • triglycerides
  • apolipoprotein AI

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000498

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors SM, KK, MT, AT, MK and ST collected and analysed data. TK wrote the manuscript and KF reviewed and edited it. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript to be published. TK supervised the study, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

    • Funding This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Obtained.

    • Ethics approval The study was approved by the ethics committees of the University (No. 07-28) to be in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement The ethics committees of the University does not allow us to open data except for a manuscript.