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Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk
Children with type 1 diabetes have elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein compared with a control group
  1. Pilar Pérez-Segura1,2,
  2. Olaya de Dios3,
  3. Leticia Herrero3,
  4. Claudia Vales-Villamarín3,
  5. Isabel Aragón-Gómez1,
  6. Teresa Gavela-Pérez1,2,
  7. Carmen Garcés3,
  8. Leandro Soriano-Guillén1,2
  1. 1Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de la Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
  2. 2Pediatrics, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Facultad de Medicina, Madrid, Spain
  3. 3Lipid Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de la Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
  1. Correspondence to Professor Leandro Soriano-Guillén; leandro.soriano{at}uam.es

Abstract

Introduction Our objective was to compare high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in children with type 1 diabetes, healthy controls, and children with obesity. Additionally, we aimed to analyze the association between hsCRP levels and glycemic control measured by glycohemoglobin A (HbA1c) and anthropometric and biochemical variables.

Research design and methods We conducted a non-randomized descriptive study of children with type 1 diabetes matched for sex and age with a control group and group with obesity. We recorded anthropometric parameters and studied variables related to diabetes, blood pressure, lipid profile, and HbA1c. hsCRP was measured by ELISA.

Results We included 49 children with type 1 diabetes, 46 controls, and 40 children with obesity. hsCRP levels were significantly higher in the group with type 1 diabetes compared with controls and nearly significantly lower than in the group comprising children with obesity. We found no correlation between hsCRP and HbA1c and characteristics of type 1 diabetes with the exception of albumin to creatinine ratio. Statistically significant association was found between hsCRP and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference Z-score.

Conclusions The higher hsCRP levels observed in children with type 1 diabetes compared with a control group with a similar BMI suggest a basal inflammatory state that could increase cardiovascular risk. The main factors related to hsCRP are BMI and waist circumference, so obesity prevention should be a priority when performing follow-up in children with type 1 diabetes.

  • diabetes mellitus, type 1
  • C-reactive protein
  • obesity
  • glycated hemoglobin A
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001424

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors PPS collected data, performed statistical analyses, and wrote the manuscript. OD, LH, and CVV carried out laboratory work and participated substantially in data analysis. IAG contributed to the collection of data and blood samples. CG supervised laboratory work and critically reviewed the manuscript. TGP and LSG designed the study, supervised data collection, verified data integrity, drafted some sections of the manuscript, made contributions to the interpretation of data, and critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors contributed to the interpretation of data, revised the article critically for important intellectual content, and approved the final version for publication.

    • Funding This work was supported by Fundación Familia Alonso.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval Children and parents provided assent and written informed consent, respectively, at the time of enrollment. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Fundación Jiménez Díaz (code: PIC006-18, approval date: 27 February 2018). This investigation was carried out in adherence to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and subsequent reviews, as well as Spanish legislation in force on clinical research in human subjects.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.