RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cardiac structure and function with and without metabolic syndrome: the Echocardiographic Study of Latinos (Echo-SOL)
JF BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
JO BMJ Open Diab Res Care
FD American Diabetes Association
SP e000484
DO 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000484
VO 6
IS 1
A1 Melissa Burroughs Peña
A1 Katrina Swett
A1 Neil Schneiderman
A1 Daniel M Spevack
A1 Sonia G Ponce
A1 Gregory A Talavera
A1 Mayank M Kansal
A1 Martha L Daviglus
A1 Jianwen Cai
A1 Barry E Hurwitz
A1 Maria M Llabre
A1 Carlos J Rodriguez
YR 2018
UL http://drc.bmj.com/content/6/1/e000484.abstract
AB Objective We assessed the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome is associated with adverse changes in cardiac structure and function in participants of the Echocardiographic Study of Latinos (Echo-SOL).Methods Non-diabetic Echo-SOL participants were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 2009 Joint Scientific Statement. Survey multivariable linear regression analyses using sampling weights were used adjusting for multiple potential confounding variables. Additional analysis was stratified according to the presence/absence of obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) and the presence/absence of metabolic syndrome.Results Within Echo-SOL, 1260 individuals met inclusion criteria (59% female; mean age 55.2 years). Compared with individuals without metabolic syndrome, those with metabolic syndrome had lower medial and lateral E′ velocities (−0.4 cm/s, (SE 0.1), p=0.0002; −0.5 cm/s (0.2), p=0.02, respectively), greater E/E′ (0.5(0.2), p=0.01) and worse two-chamber left ventricular longitudinal strain (0.9%(0.3), p=0.009), after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Increased left ventricular mass index (9.8 g/m2 (1.9), p<0.0001 and 7.5 g/m2 (1.7), p<0.0001), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (11.1 mL (3.0), p=0.0003 and 13.3 mL (2.7), p<0.0001), left ventricular end-systolic volume (5.0 mL (1.4), p=0.0004 and 5.7 mL (1.3) p<0.0001) and left ventricular stroke volume (10.2 mL (1.8), p<0.0001 and 13.0 mL (2.0), p<0.0001) were observed in obese individuals with and without metabolic syndrome compared with individuals with normal weight without metabolic syndrome. In sensitivity analyses, individuals with normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2) and metabolic syndrome had worse left ventricular global longitudinal strain (2.1%(0.7), p=0.002) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (−3.5%(1.4), p=0.007) compared with normal-weight individuals without metabolic syndrome.Conclusions In a sample of US Hispanics/Latinos metabolic syndrome was associated with worse left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Adverse changes in left ventricular size and function were observed in obese individuals with and without metabolic syndrome but decreased left ventricular function was also present in normal-weight individuals with metabolic syndrome.