RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Genetic factors and risk of type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes: findings from two independent populations JF BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care JO BMJ Open Diab Res Care FD American Diabetes Association SP e000850 DO 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000850 VO 8 IS 1 A1 Mengying Li A1 Mohammad L Rahman A1 Jing Wu A1 Ming Ding A1 Jorge E Chavarro A1 Yuan Lin A1 Sylvia H Ley A1 Wei Bao A1 Louise G Grunnet A1 Stefanie N Hinkle A1 Anne Cathrine B Thuesen A1 Edwina Yeung A1 Robert E Gore-Langton A1 Seth Sherman A1 Line Hjort A1 Freja Bach Kampmann A1 Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard A1 Peter Damm A1 Fasil Tekola-Ayele A1 Aiyi Liu A1 James L Mills A1 Allan Vaag A1 Sjurdur F Olsen A1 Frank B Hu A1 Cuilin Zhang YR 2020 UL http://drc.bmj.com/content/8/1/e000850.abstract AB Objective Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an exceptionally high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Yet, little is known about genetic determinants for T2D in this population. We examined the association of a genetic risk score (GRS) with risk of T2D in two independent populations of women with a history of GDM and how this association might be modified by non-genetic determinants for T2D.Research design and methods This cohort study included 2434 white women with a history of GDM from the Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII, n=1884) and the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC, n=550). A GRS for T2D was calculated using 59 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms for T2D identified from genome-wide association studies in European populations. An alternate healthy eating index (AHEI) score was derived to reflect dietary quality after the pregnancy affected by GDM.Results Women on average were followed for 21 years in NHSII and 13 years in DNBC, during which 446 (23.7%) and 155 (28.2%) developed T2D, respectively. The GRS was generally positively associated with T2D risk in both cohorts. In the pooled analysis, the relative risks (RRs) for increasing quartiles of GRS were 1.00, 0.97, 1.25 and 1.19 (p trend=0.02). In both cohorts, the association appeared to be stronger among women with poorer (AHEI <median) than better dietary quality (AHEI ≥median), although the interaction was not significant. For example, in NHSII, the RRs across increasing quartiles of GRS were 1.00, 0.99, 1.51 and 1.29 (p trend=0.06) among women with poorer dietary quality and 1.00, 0.83, 0.81 and 0.94 (p trend=0.79) among women with better dietary quality (p interaction=0.11).Conclusions Among white women with a history of GDM, higher GRS for T2D was associated with an increased risk of T2D.