PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Xiao Tan
AU  - Christian Benedict
TI  - Sleep characteristics and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes on glucose-lowering medication
AID  - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001702
DP  - 2020 Aug 01
TA  - BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
PG  - e001702
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
4099  - http://drc.bmj.com/content/8/1/e001702.short
4100  - http://drc.bmj.com/content/8/1/e001702.full
SO  - BMJ Open Diab Res Care2020 Aug 01; 8
AB  - Introduction To examine the association of sleep duration, insomnia, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on glucose-lowering medications.Research design and methods 13 346 patients with T2D were included in the present analysis (mean age: 60.2 years; 56.6% were on antidiabetic drug monotherapy; 43.4% received at least two glucose-lowering medications). Sleep duration (short: ≤6 hours/day; normal: 7–8 hours/day; long: ≥9 hours/day) and frequency of insomnia symptoms were self-reported. The risk of OSA was considered high if at least two of the following conditions were fulfilled: regular snoring, frequent daytime sleepiness, and either obesity (≥30 kg/m2) or hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg). Associations between sleep variables and HbA1c were investigated by analysis of covariance or linear regression (adjusted for, eg, participants’ age, sex, ethnic background, and systolic blood pressure).Results Long sleep duration and a high risk for OSA were independently associated with higher HbA1c values (long vs normal sleep duration: +0.10% (95% CI 0.03 to 0.18); high vs low risk for OSA: +0.07% (95% CI 0.02 to 0.11), both p=0.004). No robust association was found of short sleep duration and frequent insomnia symptoms with HbA1c. Finally, a positive dose–response association between the number of sleep problems per subject (range: 0–3) and HbA1c was observed (β=0.04% (0.02 to 0.06), p=0.002). However, all significant associations were small.Conclusion Screening for and treatment of sleep problems may help lower HbA1c levels in patients with T2D on glucose-lowering medications.