PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Haifa Maalmi AU - Kristiaan Wouters AU - Hans H C M Savelberg AU - Jeroen H P M van der Velde AU - Jos P H Reulen AU - Werner Mess AU - Casper G Schalkwijk AU - Coen D A Stehouwer AU - Michael Roden AU - Dan Ziegler AU - Christian Herder AU - Nicolaas C Schaper TI - Associations of cells from both innate and adaptive immunity with lower nerve conduction velocity: the Maastricht Study AID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001698 DP - 2021 Jan 01 TA - BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care PG - e001698 VI - 9 IP - 1 4099 - http://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001698.short 4100 - http://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001698.full SO - BMJ Open Diab Res Care2021 Jan 01; 9 AB - Introduction Distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is common in people with diabetes but is also found in pre-diabetes. Peripheral nerve myelin damage, which can be assessed by reduced nerve conduction velocity (NCV), is an essential feature of DSPN. Emerging evidence indicates that the development of DSPN may involve the activation of the immune system. However, available studies have mainly investigated circulating immune mediators, whereas the role of immune cells remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to test whether leukocyte subsets are associated with NCV.Research design and methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 850 individuals (of whom 252 and 118 had type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes, respectively) of the Maastricht Study. NCV was measured in the peroneal and tibial motor nerves and the sural sensory nerve and summed to calculate a standardized NCV sum score. Associations between percentages of leukocyte subsets and NCV sum scores were estimated using linear regression models adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, metabolic and clinical covariates.Results After adjustment for covariates, higher percentages of basophils and CD4+ T cells were associated with lower NCV (p=0.014 and p=0.005, respectively). The percentage of CD8+ T cells was positively associated with NCV (p=0.022). These associations were not modified by glucose metabolism status (all pinteraction >0.05). No associations were found for monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, total T cells, Treg cells and B cells.Conclusions The associations of basophils, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with NCV suggest that cell types from both innate and adaptive immunity may be implicated in the development of DSPN.