PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Satomi Minato-Inokawa AU - Asami Hashiguchi AU - Mari Honda AU - Ayaka Tsuboi-Kaji AU - Mika Takeuchi AU - Kaori Kitaoka AU - Miki Kurata AU - Bin Wu AU - Tsutomu Kazumi AU - Keisuke Fukuo TI - Weight trajectories since birth, current body composition and metabolic traits in young, normal-weight Japanese women with high percentage body fat AID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003045 DP - 2022 Dec 01 TA - BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care PG - e003045 VI - 10 IP - 6 4099 - http://drc.bmj.com/content/10/6/e003045.short 4100 - http://drc.bmj.com/content/10/6/e003045.full SO - BMJ Open Diab Res Care2022 Dec 01; 10 AB - Introduction We tested whether normal-weight obesity might be associated with weight trajectories, body composition and metabolic traits.Research design and methods Body size trajectory since birth, body composition at age 20 years and metabolic traits were compared cross-sectionally among normal-weight Japanese women with low (<25.0%, n=67), normal (25.0–34.9%, n=160) and high (≥35.0 %, n=24) percentage body fat. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify most important determinants of normal-weight obesity (high percentage body fat).Results Fasting glucose averaged <84 mg/dL, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance <1.4 and triglyceride <70 mg/dL and did not differ among three groups. However, waist and trunk/leg fat ratio were higher, and weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass was lower in normal-weight obesity. Serum and LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and high-sensitivity C reactive protein were higher, and apolipoprotein A1 was lower in normal-weight obesity compared with the other two groups, whereas HDL cholesterol did not differ. Weight gain from birth to age 12 years was higher in normal-weight obesity. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, weight gain until 12 years (OR: 1.17,95% CI 1.02 to 1.34, p=0.02), ApoB (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p<0.001) and weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass (OR: 0.22, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.49, p<0.001) were associated with normal-weight obesity independently of trunk/leg fat ratio, high-sensitivity C reactive protein and apolipoprotein A1.Conclusions Normal-weight obesity may be associated with early childhood growth, lower skeletal muscle mass and higher serum ApoB in young Japanese women through mechanisms unrelated to abdominal adiposity, inflammation and insulin resistance.Data are available on reasonable request.