Process evaluation methods and response rates
| Phase of the study | Methods | Purpose of methods | Response rates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two-day training of site educators | Unstructured observation of training of site educators by a member of the research team | Fidelity of training | 6 training days observed |
| Participant questionnaires (completed 2 weeks after training) | Description of participants Participant experience/acceptability of training | 27 participant questionnaires from 18 nurses, 8 dietitians, and 1 doctor (63% of participants) | |
| Semistructured interviews with the two trainers | Background to intervention development; views on training days | Both trainers | |
| Delivery of CASCADE modules with patients/carers | Observation of modules carried out by a member of research team including rating of fidelity to psychological techniques and content of manual | Fidelity of delivery Experience/acceptability of delivery of program to site educators Experience/acceptability of participation in the program by young people/parents | 47 CASCADE modules observed across 13 intervention sites (12 each of modules 1, 2, and 4; 11 of module 3) |
| Self-complete feedback proformas for site educators | Who delivered each module; who attended each module Self-assessment of delivery fidelity and general feedback on each module | Site educators returned 125 feedback proformas (94% of 131 completed modules) | |
| Following delivery of all CASCADE groups | Young person and parent 12 and 24 month questionnaires in intervention arm | Perceptions of impact Acceptability of the intervention | Process questions were completed on questionnaires by 135 young people (82%) and 121 parents (66%) at 12 months; 121 young people (66%) and 114 (63%) parents at 24 months |
| Semistructured interviews (audio-recorded) with site staff (nurses and dietitians), young people, and parents/carers in both trial arms | Description of standard care—including any structured education currently delivered Intervention arm only—experiences of the intervention (training and delivery) | 30 site staff (16 intervention sites; 14 control) 53 young people (32 intervention/21 control) and 52 parents were interviewed. Of the young people, 31 were female; 17 were 10–11 years old; and 36 were 12–18 years old |
CASCADE, Child and Adolescent Structured Competencies Approach to Diabetes Education.