Baseline characteristics of patients who had type 2 diabetes, completed preRamadan and postRamadan surveys, and fasted ≥2 days during Ramadan 2014, stratified by control and intervention group
| Characteristic | Total population | Control group | Intervention group | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 774 | 259 | 515 | |
| Age (years) (missing=34) | 48±10 | 51±10 | 47±10 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (missing=3) | 0.9268 | |||
| Male | 315 (41%) | 106 (41%) | 209 (41%) | |
| Female | 456 (59%) | 152 (59%) | 304 (59%) | |
| Education | ||||
| Male | 0.2154 | |||
| Illiterate | 11 (3%) | 7 (7%) | 4 (2%) | |
| Less than high school | 95 (30%) | 32 (30%) | 63 (30%) | |
| High school graduate | 109 (34%) | 35 (33%) | 72 (34%) | |
| Associates degree or higher | 102 (32%) | 32 (30%) | 70 (33%) | |
| Female (missing=1) | 0.0323 | |||
| Illiterate | 38 (8%) | 20 (13%) | 18 (6%) | |
| Less than high school | 127 (28%) | 46 (30%) | 81 (27%) | |
| High school graduate | 171 (38%) | 49 (32%) | 122 (40%) | |
| Associates degree or higher | 119 (26%) | 37 (24%) | 82 (27%) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Male (missing=14) | 0.1783 | |||
| Employed indoors | 111 (37%) | 34 (33%) | 77 (39%) | |
| Employed out-of-doors | 115 (38%) | 36 (35%) | 79 (40%) | |
| Homemaker or not employed | 75 (25%) | 32 (31%) | 43 (22%) | |
| Female (missing=15) | 0.7127 | |||
| Employed indoors | 145 (33%) | 48 (32%) | 97 (33%) | |
| Employed out-of-doors | 137 (31%) | 43 (29%) | 94 (32%) | |
| Homemaker or not employed | 159 (36%) | 57 (39%) | 102 (35%) | |
| Duration of diabetes (years) (missing=8) | 9±5 | 10±6 | 9±4 | 0.0722 |
| Current treatment for diabetes (missing=5) | 0.1669 | |||
| Diet and exercise only | 3 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (0%) | |
| Oral medications (±non-insulin injectable) | 434 (56%) | 154 (60%) | 280 (55%) | |
| Oral medications (±non-insulin injectable) and insulin | 192 (25%) | 64 (25%) | 128 (25%) | |
| Insulin only | 140 (18%) | 38 (15%) | 102 (20%) | |
| Provider seen for diabetes management (missing=45) | 0.3686 | |||
| Primary care physician | 192 (26%) | 60 (24%) | 132 (28%) | |
| Endocrinologist | 526 (72%) | 190 (75%) | 336 (71%) | |
| Other | 7 (1%) | 1 (0%) | 6 (1%) | |
| None | 4 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (0%) | |
| Who usually provides advice to you regarding fasting? (missing=20) | <0.0001 | |||
| Physician and Religious and family/friends | 221 (29%) | 61 (24%) | 160 (32%) | |
| Physician and Religious authority only | 180 (24%) | 46 (18%) | 134 (27%) | |
| Physician only | 154 (20%) | 49 (20%) | 105 (21%) | |
| No one | 119 (16%) | 73 (29%) | 46 (9%) | |
| Physician and family/friends | 59 (8%) | 14 (6%) | 45 (9%) | |
| Religious authority and family/friends | 9 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 7 (1%) | |
| Religious authority only | 7 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 4 (1%) | |
| Family and friends only | 5 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 3 (1%) | |
| Usually receive diabetes education… | ||||
| Before Ramadan? (missing=51) | 0.7634 | |||
| Yes | 103 (14%) | 33 (14%) | 70 (15%) | |
| No | 620 (86%) | 208 (86%) | 412 (85%) | |
| During Ramadan? (missing=57) | 0.0068 | |||
| Yes | 130 (18%) | 30 (13%) | 100 (21%) | |
| No | 587 (82%) | 208 (87%) | 379 (79%) | |
Data are expressed as mean±SD or N (per cent).