Comparison between glucose control based on sensor glucose during standard insulin pump therapy at home the night before the study visits and during closed loop with diluted and standard insulin at the clinical research facility
| Outcome | Insulin pump therapy at home (n=11) | Closed loop with standard insulin (n=11) | Closed loop with diluted insulin (n=11) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | |||
| Time in target 70–145 mg/dL (%) | 32 (30, 59) | 71 (51, 78) | 78 (68, 94) |
| Secondary outcomes | |||
| Mean glucose (mg/dL) | 151 (71) | 126 (30) | 121 (22) |
| Time in target 70–180 mg/dL (%) | 59 (44, 76) | 82 (61, 91) | 89 (77, 95) |
| Hypoglycemia | |||
| Less than 70 mg/dL (%) | 12 (0, 23) | 8.0 (2.4, 17.7) | 1.8 (0.0, 4.8) |
| Less than 63 mg/dL (%) | 4.7 (0.0, 11.6) | 4.1 (0.8, 11.4) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
| Low blood glucose index (unitless) | 1.7 (0.1, 5.4) | 1.7 (1.2, 3.3) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) |
| Hyperglycemia | |||
| Greater than 145 mg/dL (%) | 52 (15, 69) | 15 (12, 32) | 17 (2, 32) |
| Greater than 180 mg/dL (%) | 22 (4, 35) | 2 (0, 21) | 9 (0, 17) |
| Glucose variability | |||
| SD of glucose (mg/dL) | 42 (30, 51) | 33 (27, 57) | 35 (18, 44) |
| CV of glucose (%) | 27 (23, 44) | 32 (27, 46) | 30 (17, 34) |
| MAGE (mg/dL) | 67 (41, 107) | 100 (56, 141) | 77 (26, 102) |
| Insulin infusion (U/h) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.2) | 0.2 (0.2, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
Data are mean (SD) or median (IQR).
Outcomes calculated between 21:00 and 8:00 and based on sensor glucose.
CV, coefficient of variation; MAGE, mean amplitude of glucose excursions.