Clinical characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and diabetes-related health maintenance at index (mean, SD)
| 2008 | 2013 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index year | Index year | ||||
| N=24 493 | N=41 582 | ||||
| Variable | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p Value |
| Age at index dates (years) | 64.8 | 12.9 | 64.3 | 12.9 | <0.0001* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.5 | 7.0 | 32.8 | 7.0 | <0.0001† |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 129.5 | 17.4 | 129.8 | 17.4 | 0.063† |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 74.2 | 10.2 | 74.5 | 10.3 | 0.007† |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 92.1 | 32.6 | 88.0 | 32.7 | <0.0001† |
| DCSI | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | <0.0001† |
| Number of diabetes visits in prior year (N)‡ | 2.6 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 1.6 | <0.0001† |
| Number of canceled visits in prior year (N) | 1.2 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.9 | <0.0001† |
| Median household income (US$1000) | 59.4 | 23.5 | 56.9 | 23.4 | <0.0001* |
*Compared using the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test.
†Adjusted for sex, age, race, and income using generalized estimating equations.
‡Endocrinology or primary care visits.
BMI, body mass index; DCSI, Diabetes Complications Severity Index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.