Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models for the incidence of CVD in association with HbA1cVIM and SBPVIM as continuous and categorical variables divided by their respective median values
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Continuous variables | ||||||||
| HbA1cVIM (1SD increment) | 1.33 (1.07 to 1.65) | 0.011 | NA | NA | 1.28 (1.02 to 1.61) | 0.035 | NA | NA |
| SBPVIM (1SD increment) | NA | NA | 1.33 (1.08 to 1.63) | 0.008 | 1.27 (1.03 to 1.57) | 0.026 | NA | NA |
| Categorical variables | ||||||||
| Low HbA1cVIM and low SBPVIM | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 | |
| Low HbA1cVIM and high SBPVIM | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.77 (0.90 to 3.51) | 0.10 |
| High HbA1cVIM and low SBPVIM | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.72 (0.82 to 3.63) | 0.15 |
| High HbA1cVIM and high SBPVIM | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2.19 (1.12 to 4.29) | 0.022 |
All models were adjusted for mean HbA1c, mean SBP, number of visits (ln-transformed), age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, TC/HDL-C, eGFR, baseline smoking status, baseline alcohol intake, baseline use of insulin, and baseline use of antihypertensive agents.
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NA, not applicable; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; VIM, variation independent of mean.