Multiple logistic regression analyses showing the association of serum 25(OH)D levels with the presence of the composite microvascular end point, inclusive of diabetic retinopathy and/or nephropathy
| Regression model 1 | Regression model 2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value | |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 0.723 | 0.599 to 0.871 | 0.001 | 0.758 | 0.607 to 0.947 | 0.015 |
| Sex (M vs F) | 2.430 | 1.651 to 3.577 | <0.001 | 2.315 | 1.443 to 3.715 | 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 1.977 | 1.559 to 2.507 | <0.001 | 2.013 | 1.473 to 2.750 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.180 | 0.927 to 1.502 | 0.180 | 1.086 | 0.788 to 1.497 | 0.616 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 1.263 | 1.001 to 1.594 | 0.049 | |||
| HbA1c (%) | 1.603 | 1.219 to 2.108 | 0.001 | |||
| TG/HDL-C ratio | 1.072 | 0.842 to 1.364 | 0.573 | |||
| Diabetes duration (years) | 2.341 | 1.741 to 3.147 | <0.001 | |||
| Season measurement (winter) | 1.474 | 0.934 to 2.328 | 0.096 | |||
A composite microvascular complication end point was present in 401 patients. All continuous variables included in the two regression models were modeled for each SD increase.
25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; BMI, body mass index; F, female; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; M, male; TG, triglyceride.