Baseline characteristics
| Variable | Total (n=346) | Metformin (n=172) | Control (n=174) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 58.1±11.7 | 58.1±11.9 | 58.2±11.6 | 0.968 |
| Female sex, N (%) | 87 (25) | 40 (23) | 47 (27) | 0.496 |
| Race or ethnic group, N (%) | 0.567 | |||
| Caucasian | 335 (97) | 168 (98) | 167 (96) | |
| Asian | 7 (2.0) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (2.3) | |
| Black | 4 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.7) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, N (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 97 (28) | 50 (29) | 47 (27) | 0.759 |
| Dyslipidemia | 220 (64) | 103 (60) | 117 (67) | 0.190 |
| Current smoking | 190 (55) | 96 (56) | 94 (54) | 0.821 |
| Positive family history | 118 (34) | 55 (32) | 63 (36.2) | 0.474 |
| Cardiovascular history | ||||
| Stroke | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 1.000 |
| Previous PCI | 4 (1) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.7) | 0.623 |
| Physical diagnostics at hospital admission | ||||
| Body weight, mean (SD), kg | 83.5±14.0 | 83.6±13.9 | 83.3±14.1 | 0.847 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26.7±3.7 | 26.5±3.5 | 26.9±3.9 | 0.401 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 134±23 | 134±22 | 133±24 | 0.797 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 84±14 | 84±14 | 84±15 | 0.733 |
| Laboratory values at admission | ||||
| Hemoglobin (IQR), mmol/L | 8.9±0.8 | 8.9±0.8 | 8.9±0.8 | 0.673 |
| Creatinine (IQR), µmol/L | 72 (62–82) | 72 (62–84) | 73 (63–81) | 0.673 |
| Estimated GFR (IQR), mL/min/173 m2 | 93±21 | 93±23 | 93±19 | 0.947 |
| Glucose, median (IQR), mmol/L | 8.1 (7.0–9.4) | 8.1 (7.0–9.2) | 8.1 (7.0–9.6) | 0.627 |
| HbA1c, median (IQR), % | 5.8 (5.6–6.0) | 5.7 (5.6–6.0) | 5.8 (5.6–6.0) | 0.849 |
| HbA1c, median (IQR), mmol/mol | 40 (38–42) | 39 (38–42) | 40 (38–42) | 0.849 |
| Insulin, median (IQR), mmol/L | 16.9 (9.8–29.2) | 18.5 (10.8–30.1) | 15.9 (9.3–27.8) | 0.169 |
| Total cholesterol (IQR), mmol/L | 5.3 (4.8–6.0) | 5.3 (4.7–6.1) | 5.3 (4.8–6.0) | 0.938 |
| LDL-cholesterol (IQR), mmol/L | 3.8 (3.2–4.4) | 3.7 (3.1–4.5) | 3.8 (3.3–4.4) | 0.740 |
| HDL-cholesterol (IQR), mmol/L | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.821 |
GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.