Table 4

Changes in plasma fatty acid composition between baseline and 12 weeks

SitagliptinVoglibose
ParameternBaseline12-weekp Value*nBaseline12-weekp Value*p Value†
Lauric acidC12:0 (ng/mL)1182.3±2.22.3±2.30.5551202.5±2.12.2±2.30.1390.592
Myristic acidC14:0 (ng/mL)11829.9±18.928.5±19.30.14712033.1±23.030.0±22.80.0120.356
Palmitic acidC16:0 (ng/mL)118746.7±259.6709.8±254.10.019120796.9±268.7747.9±265.40.0010.494
Palmitoleic acidC16:1ω7 (ng/mL)11880.3±46.277.0±51.60.13012089.7±51.682.0±53.70.0000.049
Stearic acidC18:0 (ng/mL)118214.7±53.6212.0±28.70.532120224.2±57.7218.2±61.80.0330.291
Oleic acidC18:1ω9 (ng/mL)118656.2±236.6653.2±260.10.799120714.9±295.4671.7±268.30.0490.194
Linoleic acidC18:2ω6 (ng/mL)118774.4±182.1736.3±188.60.021120798.6±208.2807.2±244.40.9020.143
γ-linolenic acidC18:3ω6 (ng/mL)11811.4±6.510.8±6.00.94112011.9±6.910.2±5.50.0000.023
α-Linolenic acidC18:3ω3 (ng/mL)11827.6±12.525.9±11.10.01012027.3±15.027.2±16.30.3310.164
Arachidic acidC20:0 (ng/mL)1187.2±1.37.3±1.60.8761207.6±1.67.7±1.70.9350.935
Eicosenoic acidC20:1ω9 (ng/mL)1185.5±2.05.3±2.20.5621206.1±6.86.3±6.90.3060.274
Eicosadienoic acidC20:2ω6 (ng/mL)1185.9±1.85.9±2.00.5991206.3±2.06.3±210.7640.929
5-8-11Eicosatrienoic acidC20:3ω9 (ng/mL)1182.2±1.42.2±1.60.5491202.8±2.62.5±2.40.0080.116
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acidC20:3ω6 (ng/mL)11838.8±13.239.7±16.40.26012042.4±15.539.9±12.70.0050.010
Arachidonic acidC20:4ω6 (ng/mL)118173.2±48.7172.0±51.30.706120184.5±46.5183.5±44.60.6910.898
Eicosapentaenoic acidC20:5ω3 (ng/mL)11880.6±48.379.7±43.50.88412081.2±70.085.5±78.40.6590.955
Behenic acidC22:0 (ng/mL)11817.9±3.317.9±3.60.83812032.1±3.719.1±4.30.4650.651
Erucic acidC22:1ω9 (ng/mL)1181.6±0.81.6±0.70.6131201.8±0.91.7±0.90.7680.291
Docosatetraenoic acidC22:4ω6 (ng/mL)1185.2±2.25.1±2.60.2481205.5±2.35.1±1.90.0110.306
Docosapentaenoic acidC22:5ω3 (ng/mL)11825.2±10.024.3±9.40.39912025.8±13.124.0±13.50.0040.955
Lignoceric acidC24:0 (ng/mL)11816.3±2.816.3±3.30.77512017.5±3.417.8±3.90.4230.598
Docosahexaenoic acidC22:6ω3 (ng/mL)118175.2±65.3169.5±58.70.305120175.2±94.5167.7±96.10.0950.531
Nervonic acidC24:1ω9 (ng/mL)11834.8±7.534.5±7.50.35712037.0±8.237.7±8.00.0280.028
EPA+DHA(ng/mL)118255.9±107.5249.2±92.60.536120256.3±160.3253.1±169.40.4360.782
EPA/AA ratio1180.49±0.310.49±0.300.7051200.44±0.320.044±0.320.4350.895
Total ω3 fatty acids(ng/mL)118308.7±121.9299.0±105.30.370120309.4±181.0304.3±191.60.3080.735
Total ω6 fatty acids(ng/mL)1181008.7±224.8969.8±237.70.0241201049.2±238.21052.3±273.90.6840.239
Total ω9 fatty acids(ng/mL)118700.2±239.2696.8±263.60.794120762.6±300.8720.0±272.50.0530.210
ω3/ω6 ratio1180.32±0.130.32±0.110.2361200.30±0.140.30±0.140.4090.151
Total saturated fatty acids(ng/mL)1181034.9±330.7994.1±330.30.0501201101.1±346.51043.0±348.10.0020.515
Monounsaturated fatty acids(ng/mL)118778.3±276.8771.7±305.20.762120854.3±346.8799.5±306.60.0200.132
Polyunsaturated fatty acids(ng/mL)1181319.5±277.31270.9±289.20.0141201361.4±336.21359.0±384.40.5620.233
δ-5desaturase (20:4 ω6/20:3 ω6)1184.73±1.424.72±1.620.5951204.78±1.774.97±1.640.0140.031
δ-6desaturase (18:3 ω6/18:2 ω6)1180.015±0.0080.015±0.0070.3211200.016±0.010.014±0.0090.0090.007
  • Data are expressed as means±SD.

  • *p Value for the intragroup comparison (baseline vs 12 weeks).

  • †p Value for the intergroup comparison (difference in changes from baseline between groups).

  • AA, arachidonic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid.