Physical characteristics and fasting metabolic profile
| YT2DM (n=25) | Control (n=15) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, range (years) | 18.5±0.92, (11–25) | 22.0±0.85, (13–24) | 0.008 |
| Male:female | 12:13 | 7:8 | 0.935 |
| Ethnicity—Malay:Chinese:others | 16:6:3 | 12:2:1 | –* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.2±1.05 | 27.3±1.08 | 0.081 |
| Age at diagnosis of diabetes (years) | 16.1±0.92 | – | – |
| Duration of diabetes (months) | 23.1±6.42 | – | – |
| Family history of diabetes (including first-degree and second-degree relatives) | 24 (96.0) | 12 (80.0) | 0.139† |
| Tanner stages | |||
| II–III | 3 (12.0) | 0 | 0.279† |
| IV–V | 22 (88.0) | 15 (100.0) | |
| Acanthosis nigricans | 18 (72.0) | 3 (20.0) | 0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 9.9±0.85 | 4.5±0.06 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.4±0.37 | 5.3±0.09 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 68±4 | 34±1 | <0.001 |
| Microalbuminuria | 14 (56.0) | 0 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 120.8±2.31 | 116.1±2.72 | 0.200 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 73.8±2.00 | 69.5±2.22 | 0.173 |
| Waist:hip ratio | 0.9±0.01 | 0.8±0.02 | 0.011 |
| Total adipose tissue (cm2) | 421±31.0 | 364±47.0 | 0.297 |
| Visceral adipose tissue (cm2) | 79±7.6 | 53±8.5 | 0.035 |
| Subcutaneous adipose tissue (cm2) | 339±25.9 | 302±41.0 | 0.433 |
*Inferential analysis was not performed for this variable as assumptions for both χ2 and Fisher's exact tests were not fulfilled.
†Fisher's exact test.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.