Cardiometabolic characteristics of study subjects by obesity and insulin sensitivity status
| Characteristic | IRO | ISO | p Value | IRN | ISN | p Value |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 107±11.9 | 102±11.7 | 0.007 | 92.5±8.10 | 81.7±9.84 | <0.0001 |
| Total fat (kg) | 42.2±12.9 | 37.6±10.6 | 0.015 | 24.5±3.92 | 20.3±6.10 | 0.009 |
| Trunk fat (kg) | 21.6±6.49 | 18.8±5.40 | 0.0032 | 13.1±2.21 | 9.19±3.12 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 127±16.3 | 124±15.5 | 0.16 | 123±18.3 | 115±12.6 | 0.03 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 75±8.86 | 73±8.60 | 0.19 | 78±9.67 | 71±8.43 | 0.009 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 48.8±12.0 | 49.9±10.9 | 0.54 | 44.8±9.89 | 57.0±14.9 | 0.0013 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 115±57.7 | 89.7±47.4 | 0.0019 | 134±75.4 | 83.0±48.8 | 0.0003 |
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 59.9+ 45.0 | 48.1±36.1 | 0.06 | 23.5±15.6 | 15.5±13.0 | 0.02 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 6.34±6.71 | 4.70±7.15 | 0.013 | 3.06±3.37 | 1.83±2.65 | 0.08 |
| Adiponectin (µg/mL) | 7.38±3.96 | 9.34±4.46 | 0.003 | 6.56±3.54 | 10.8±6.02 | 0.006 |
| HOMA-B (%) | 158±62.1 | 77.3±41.3 | <0.0001 | 132±57.1 | 62.4±62.7 | <0.0001 |
| AIR (µU/ml) | 119±91.9 | 84.3±69.7 | 0.0061 | 135±77.6 | 62.2±52.7 | <0.0001 |
| REE (kcal/kgFFM) | 29.3±5.70 | 29.2±6.20 | 0.88 | 29.8±3.25 | 30.2±5.42 | 0.79 |
To convert the values for insulin to picomoles per liter, multiply by 7.175. To convert the values for HDL cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586. To convert the values for triglycerides to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.01129.
AIR, acute insulin response to intravenous glucose; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FFM, fat-free mass; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-B, homeostasis model of beta-cell function (%); hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; IRN, insulin-resistant non-obese; IRO, insulin-resistant obese; ISN, insulin-sensitive non-obese; ISO, insulin-sensitive obese; SBP, systolic blood pressure; REE, resting energy expenditure.