Covariates | Model1: growth model (Mean difference in HbA1c, mmol/mol, (95% CI)) | Model 2: plus age at diagnosis (Mean difference in HbA1c, mmol/mol, (95% CI)) | Model 3: plus ethnicity (Mean difference in HbA1c, mmol/mol, (95% CI)) | Model 4: plus socioeconomic status (Mean difference in HbA1c, mmol/mol, (95% CI)) | Model 5: plus pediatric diabetes clinic (Mean difference in HbA1c, mmol/mol, (95% CI)) |
Fixed effects | |||||
Constant/intercept | 95.1 (92.4, 97.7) | 97. 9 (92.5, 103.4) | 93.5 (87.8, 99.3) | 91.1 (84.9, 97.2) | 90.4 (84.3, 96.5) |
Duration | |||||
Linear | −19.6 (−21.1, −18.1) | −19.6 (−21.1, −18.1) | −19.6 (−21.1, −18.1) | −19.6 (−21.1, −18.1) | −19.6 (−21.2, −18.1) |
Quadratic | 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) |
Sex | |||||
Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
Female | −2.5 (−5.2, 0.1) | −1.9 (−4.6, 0.7) | −1.9 (−4.5, 0.7) | −1.9 (−4.5, 0.7) | |
Age at diagnosis | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | 0.1 (−0.3, 0.3) | |
Ethnicity | |||||
White | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||
Mixed ethnicity | 4.1 (−0.9, 9.1) | 4.6 (−0.4, 9.7) | 3.9 (−1.0, 8.9) | ||
Black | 3.3 (−0.9, 7.4) | 3.7 (−0.5, 8.0) | 4.0 (−0.1, 8.1) | ||
African-Somali | 4.1 (−0.8, 9.1) | 5.1 (0.1, 10.1) | 4.5 (−0.5, 9.4) | ||
Bangladeshi | 8.8 (4.3, 13.3) | 9.3 (4.7, 14.0) | 9.4 (4.8, 13.9) | ||
Asian-Other | 5.8 (2.3, 9.4) | 5.7 (2.2, 9.3) | 3.9 (0.2, 7.6) | ||
Socioeconomic status | |||||
Quartile 1 (poorest) | Ref | Ref | |||
Quartile 2 | 3.2 (−0.3, 6.7) | 2.6 (−0.8, 6.1) | |||
Quartile 3 | 3.9 (0.2, 7.6) | 2.5 (−1.1, 6.3) | |||
Quartile 4 (richest) | 2.5 (−1.5, 6.5) | 2.7 (−1.3, 6.7) | |||
Pediatric diabetes clinic | |||||
Clinic 1 | Ref | ||||
Clinic 2 | 1.7 (−2.1, 5.4) | ||||
Clinic 3 | 6.1 (2.8, 9.3) | ||||
Interclass correlation | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.76 |
Goodness of fit | |||||
Aikake information criterion (AIC) | 8690.614 | 8690.926 | 8682.079 | 8683.001 | 8673.485 |
Bayesian information criterion (BIC) | 8725.161 | 8735.345 | 8751.175 | 8766.902 | 8767.257 |
−2 Log-likelihood | 8676 | 8672 | 8654 | 8648 | 8635 |