Table 1

Baseline characteristics at the time of biopsy

Data
(%)
Diabetic nephropathy only (n=94)Mixed pathologies (n=97)Non-diabetic renal disease only (n=72)p Value
Age10058±1055±1159±110.12
Male (n (%))10062 (66)64 (66)39 (54)0.18
Ethnicity (n (%))100
 Māori/Pāsifika65 (69)70 (72)39 (55)
 European14 (15)13 (13)21 (29)0.31
 East or South Asian14 (15)13 (14)11 (15)
 Others1 (1)1 (1)1 (1)
BMI (kg/m2)8733±634±736±120.14
Duration of T2D (years)*9910 (7–18)11 (5–16)4 (2–10)† ‡<0.001
HbA1c (mmol/mol)9764±2066±2156±13† ‡ 0.002
(%)8.0±1.88.2±1.97.3±1.2
Systolic BP (mm Hg)81145±18147±24142±200.57
Diastolic BP (mm Hg)8181±1081±1381±130.91
Diabetic retinopathy (n (%))93
 None17 (19)24 (26)50 (78)† ‡
 Minimal–moderate24 (27)26 (28)12 (19)<0.001
 Severe47 (54)43 (46)2 (3)† ‡
Estimated GFR* (mL/min/1.73 m2)10028
(16–43)
28
(16–47)
41† ‡
(25–71)
<0.001
Proteinuria (mg/day) (n (%))97
 ≤30010 (11)8 (9)14 (21)
 301–350032 (35)31 (33)28 (41)0.01
 >350051 (54)54 (58)26 (38)† ‡
Smoking (n (%))90
 None39 (48)31 (34)27 (44)
 Previous29 (35)36 (39)22 (35)0.68
 Current14 (17)25 (27)13 (21)
Prescribed drugs (n (%))
 RAS inhibitors99.580 (93)87 (90)62 (86)0.69
 Aspirin10066 (68)61 (63)37 (51)0.09
 Statin99.564 (69)72 (74)53 (74)0.67
  • *Results expressed as median (IQR).

  • † p<0.05 comparing DN and NDRD groups.

  • ‡p<0.05 comparing NDRD and mixed groups.

  • §p<0.05 comparing DN and mixed groups.

  • BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; DN, diabetic nephropathy; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; NDRD, non-diabetic renal disease.