HR and 95% CIs of incident diabetes according to serum creatinine categories among subjects without diabetes at baseline
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | |||||||
| 0.38–0.69 | 0.70–0.79 | 0.80–0.89 | 0.90–1.10 | Total | P for trend | ||
| Total subjects at risk | 356 | 1028 | 1155 | 776 | 3313 | ||
| No. of cases | 35 | 57 | 63 | 52 | 207 | ||
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.6)** | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | 1.00 | <0.001 | ||
| Multivariable HR (95% CI) | 1.9 (1.2 to 2.9)** | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.5) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.5) | 1.00 | 0.03 | ||
| Age <43 years | Cases/subjects | 12/188 | 21/550 | 22/615 | 12/369 | 67/1722 | |
| Multivariable HR (95% CI) | 2.0 (0.9 to 4.7) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.8) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.0) | 1.00 | 0.11 | ||
| Age ≥43 years | Cases/subjects | 23/166 | 36/478 | 41/540 | 40/407 | 140/1591 | |
| Multivariable† HR (95% CI) | 1.9 (1.1 to 3.3)* | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.5) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | 1.00 | 0.08 | ||
| BMI <25 kg/m2 | Cases/Subjects | 19/253 | 22/725 | 33/787 | 23/486 | 97/2251 | |
| Multivariable† HR (95% CI) | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.1) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.7) | 1.00 | 0.38 | ||
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | Cases/subjects | 16/101 | 35/303 | 30/368 | 29/290 | 110/1062 | |
| Multivariable† HR (95% CI) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.6)* | 1.2 (0.8 to 2.1) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8) | 1.00 | 0.05 | ||
| With family history of diabetes | Cases/subjects | 8/75 | 14/141 | 11/161 | 9/115 | 42/492 | |
| Multivariable‡ HR (95% CI) | 1.2 (0.5 to 3.3) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.0) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.2) | 1.00 | 0.6 | ||
| Without family history of diabetes | Cases/subjects | 27/279 | 43/887 | 52/661 | 43/661 | 165/2821 | |
| Multivariable‡ HR (95% CI) | 2.3 (1.4 to 3.7)** | 0.9(0.6 to 1.5) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | 1.00 | 0.01 | ||
| With high physical activity | Cases/subjects | 7/126 | 21/361 | 20/448 | 20/349 | 68/1284 | |
| Multivariable§ HR (95% CI) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.3) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.2) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.8) | 1.00 | 0.6 | ||
| Without high physical activity | Cases/subjects | 28/228 | 36/667 | 43/707 | 32/427 | 139/2029 | |
| Multivariable§ HR (95% CI) | 2.3 (1.4 to4.0)** | 1.0 (0.6 to1.6) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.8) | 1.00 | 0.02 | ||
Test for significance: *P<0.05, **P<0.01.
†Adjusted for age, BMI, family history, smoking status, alcohol intake category and leisure time physical activity.
‡Adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, alcohol intake category and leisure time physical activity.
§Adjusted for age, BMI, family history, smoking status and alcohol intake category. Median age: 43 years.
BMI, body mass index.