Patient characteristics at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks
| Characteristics | UDCA-first | Sitagliptin-first | P value between groups | ||||||
| (n=8) | (n=8) | Baseline | 12 weeks | 24 weeks | |||||
| Baseline | 12 weeks | 24 weeks | Baseline | 12 weeks | 24 weeks | ||||
| Age (years) | 63±7.3 | 58±3.2 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Sex (male/female) | 7/1 | 7/1 | |||||||
| Cause of chronic liver disease | Alcohol (n=6), NAFLD (n=2) | Alcohol (n=6), NAFLD (n=2) | |||||||
| Oral hyperglycemic agent | None | None | |||||||
| Alcohol consumption (g/week) | 374.3±385.7 | 310.5±299.3 | 0.735 | ||||||
| Body weight (kg) | 72.5±8.4 | 70.6±8.6* | 70.4±8.6* | 76.0±6.1 | 75.9±6.0 | 75.3±6.0 | 0.76 | 0.64 | 0.67 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1±2.5 | 26.3±2.5* | 26.2±2.5* | 27.2±2.0 | 27.2±2.0 | 27.0±2.0 | 0.96 | 0.80 | 0.83 |
| γGTP (IU/dL) | 59.6±22.1 | 54.1±51.0 | 39.1±22.8 | 81.8±34.4 | 114.3±124.7 | 57.8±49.4 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.38 |
| ALT (IU/dL) | 35.4±15.0 | 30.8±16.7 | 32.1±31.9 | 37.5±12.5 | 47.0±21.8 | 40.4±25.7 | 0.78 | 0.14 | 0.59 |
| AST (IU/dL) | 45.8±25.1 | 47.0±21.8 | 34.3±33.9 | 49.1±24.8 | 55.6±29.0 | 37.4±22.0 | 0.80 | 0.09 | 0.84 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 140.3±15.9 | 130.0±37.7 | 114.9±16.0 | 168.6±46.9 | 163.1±53.1 | 148.9±36.8 | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.06 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.0±0.3 | 6.4±0.5* | 6.0±0.4* | 7.4±0.8 | 7.1±1.1 | 6.6±0.9* | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| FFAs (mEq/L) | 0.4±0.2 | 0.4±0.1 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.6±0.3 | 0.6±0.1 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.85 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 175.5±30.2 | 171.5±37.4 | 173.8±19.4 | 193.8±31.5 | 191.6±39.0 | 176.3±32.2 | 0.29 | 0.34 | 0.86 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 116.8±44.3 | 142.9±64.9 | 142.0±32.7 | 175.4±102.8 | 165.5±172.3 | 172.2±141.3 | 0.19 | 0.75 | 0.39 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 42.3±7.6 | 46.0±8.7 | 43.5±11.0 | 45.9±10.6 | 48.5±11.4 | 47.6±11.1 | 0.47 | 0.65 | 0.50 |
| FT3 (pg/mL) | 3.0±0.4 | 2.9±0.5 | 2.8±0.3 | 2.9±0.4 | 3.1±0.5 | 3.1±0.5 | 0.57 | 0.65 | 0.29 |
| FT4 (pg/dL) | 1.1±0.1 | 1.1±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.2±0.3 | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.21 |
| TSH (µIU/mL) | 2.1±0.8 | 2.0±0.8 | 2.3±1.2 | 1.8±1.2 | 2.1±1.3 | 1.9±1.4 | 0.59 | 0.81 | 0.11 |
| Bile acid (µmoL/L) | 10.5±7.7 | 16.1±10.3 | 15.8±8.8 | 17.3±29.6 | 12.5±17.7 | 26.2±22.8 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.28 |
Measurements are reported as mean ±SD.
TG, TC, HDL-C, FFA, FT3, FT4 and TSH levels were measured in fasting plasma.
*P value for the intragroup comparison (baseline vs 12 weeks or vs 24 weeks).
ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; FFA, free fatty acid; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FT3, free tri-iodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; γGTP, gamma-glutamyltransferase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; TC, total cholesterol; TG, plasma triglyceride; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid.