Anthropometry, body composition and energy expenditure by parental diabetes
| Characteristics | All subjects (n=170) | No parental diabetes (n=83) | Parental diabetes (n=87) | Mean difference (95% CI) or OR (95% CI) | P value (no parental vs parental diabetes) |
| Age (years) | 38.8±11.3 | 37.7±12.7 | 39.9±9.7 | −2.2 (−5.7 to 1.2) | 0.1956 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.5±6.1 | 28.2±5.9 | 28.8±6.3 | −0.6 (−2.4 to 1.3) | 0.5473 |
| (F/M) | 97/73 | 47/36 | 50/37 | 0.97 (0.53 to 1.77) | 0.9114 |
| Ethnicity (C/AA) | 80/90 | 40/43 | 40/47 | 1.09 (0.60 to 2.00) | 0.7723 |
| Weight (kg) | 83.9±20.3 | 82.5±19.6 | 85.2±20.8 | −2.7 (−8.8 to 3.5) | 0.3924 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.8±15.1 | 90.3±15.5 | 93.2±14.7 | −2.9 (−7.5 to 1.7) | 0.2187 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 54.4±12.9 | 53.8±12.6 | 55.0±13.2 | 1.2 (−5.1 to 2.7) | 0.5343 |
| % body fat | 31.0±10.0 | 30.3±10.7 | 31.6±9.3 | −1.3 (−4.4 to 1.7) | 0.3905 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 89.8±6.2 | 89.4±6.5 | 90.3±5.9 | −0.9 (−2.7 to 1.0) | 0.3537 |
| 2 hours postglucose (mg/dL) | 119.1±25.7 | 112.8±18.6 | 125.0±30.0 | −12.2 (−19.7 to to 4.7) | 0.0018 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.30±1.41 | 0.94±0.86 | 1.65±1.71 | −0.71 (−1.12 to to 0.29) | 0.0009 |
| HOMA-B (%) | 75.9±66.8 | 57.1±42.9 | 93.8±79.7 | −36.7 (−56.2 to to 17.1) | 0.0003 |
| REE (Kcal/day) | 1645.3±433.8 | 1705.8±484.9 | 1587.6±372.5 | 118.1 (−13.3 to 249.6) | 0.0759 |
| Normalized REE (Kcal/day) | 1425.4±299.8 | 1489.4±323.2 | 1364.4±263.4 | 124.9 (35.9 to 214.0) | 0.0063 |
| REE/FFM (Kcal/kg FFM/day) | 30.5±5.8 | 31.9±6.0 | 29.2±5.3 | 2.7 (1.0 to 4.4) | 0.0020 |
AA, African-American; C, Caucasian; BMI, body mass index; F, female; FFM, fat-free mass; HOMA-B, homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; M, male; REE, resting energy expenditure.