Anthropometry, body composition and energy expenditure by ethnicity
| Characteristics | All subjects (n=170) | Caucasians (n=80) | African-Americans (n=90) | Mean difference (95% CI) or OR (95% CI) | P value (Caucasians vs African-Americans) |
| Age (years) | 38.8±11.3 | 40.4±11.9 | 37.4±10.6 | 3.0 (−0.4 to 6.4) | 0.0832 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.5±6.1 | 27.0±5.9 | 29.8±6.1 | −2.9 (−4.7 to 1.0) | 0.0022 |
| Sex (F/M) | 97/73 | 46/34 | 51/39 | 1.03 (0.56 to 1.90) | 0.9128 |
| Parental diabetes (±) | 87/83 | 40/40 | 47/43 | 0.91 (0.50 to 1.67) | 0.7723 |
| Weight (kg) | 83.9±20.3 | 78.8±18.8 | 88.3±20.5 | −9.5 (±15.5 to to 3.5) | 0.0020 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.8±15.1 | 89.2±13.9 | 94.1±15.9 | −4.8 (−9.4 to to 0.3) | 0.0379 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 54.4±12.9 | 51.1±12.6 | 57.4±12.5 | −6.3 (−10.1 to to 2.5) | 0.0013 |
| % body fat | 31.0±10.0 | 31.1±9.8 | 30.9±10.3 | 0.2 (−2.8 to 33.0) | 0.8948 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 89.8±6.2 | 90.8±5.7 | 89.0±6.5 | 1.7 (−0.1 to 3.6) | 0.0660 |
| 2 hours postglucose (mg/dL) | 119.1±25.7 | 119.0±25.0 | 119.1±26.5 | −0.1 (−7.9 to 7.7) | 0.9806 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.30±1.41 | 1.37±1.73 | 1.24±1.04 | 0.12 (−0.31 to 0.55) | 0.5809 |
| HOMA-B (%) | 48.5±73.5 | 51.9±88.9 | 45.2±56.8 | 6.4 (−15.9 to 28.8) | 0.5704 |
| REE (Kcal/day) | 1645.3±433.8 | 1651.6±463.9 | 1639.7±407.8 | 11.9 (−120.1 to 143.9) | 0.8588 |
| Normalized REE (Kcal/day) | 1425.4±299.8 | 1496.1±294.6 | 1362.7±291.9 | 133.4 (44.4 to 222.3) | 0.0035 |
| REE/FFM (Kcal/kg FFM/day) | 30.5±5.8 | 32.6±5.5 | 28.6±5.4 | 4.0 (2.3 to 5.6) | <0.0001 |
BMI, body mass index; F, female; FFM, fat-free mass; HOMA-B, homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; M, male; REE, resting energy expenditure.