Anthropometric and laboratory characteristics of 179 women stratified by the presence or absence of low grip strength (<18.0 kg)
| Low grip strength | P values | ||
| Yes (n=68) | No (n=111) | ||
| Age (years) | 81.1±5.5 | 74.2±8.7 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 145.2±5.3 | 151.2±5.6 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 46.1±7.2 | 52.3±7.0 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.9±3.3 | 22.9±2.8 | 0.037 |
| Fat mass index (kg/m2) | 7.0±2.7 | 7.6±2.2 | 0.139 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 7.9±1.1 | 7.9±0.8 | 0.757 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.0±10.0 | 87.5±8.9 | 0.087 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 14.7±5.7 | 17.2±5.1 | 0.003 |
| Percentage body fat (%) | 31.0±7.9 | 32.4±6.5 | 0.201 |
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 16.5±1.9 | 18.1±2.0 | <0.001 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 15.0±2.6 | 23.4±3.7 | <0.001 |
| PB glucose (mg/dL) | 102±39 | 99±23 | 0.451 |
| PB insulin (μU/mL) | 9.6±9.2 | 7.2±5.3 | 0.114 |
| PB triglycerides (mg/dL) | 137±72 | 142±84 | 0.700 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 214±29 | 222±34 | 0.104 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 61±13 | 65±14 | 0.086 |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 7.3±5.1 | 8.0±4.6 | 0.375 |
| Adiponectin (mg/L) | 16.5±9.7 | 12.7±6.4 | 0.004 |
| Leukocytes (103/μL) | 6.1±1.5 | 6.1±1.6 | 0.951 |
| PAI-1 (ng/mL) | 23±11 | 25±12 | 0.378 |
| hsCRP (μg/dL) | 85±103 | 86±115 | 0.938 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 1.8±0.9 | 1.5±1.1 | 0.008 |
| Red blood cells (104/μL) | 414±40 | 429±33 | 0.008 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.6±1.1 | 13.1±1.1 | 0.005 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 40.1±3.4 | 41.3±3.3 | 0.014 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.30±0.28 | 4.45±0.23 | <0.001 |
| Iron (μg/dL) | 90±29 | 96±27 | 0.165 |
| Copper (μg/dL) | 110±17 | 108±14 | 0.337 |
| Zinc (μg/dL) | 74±11 | 78±11 | 0.007 |
| Transthyretin (mg/dL) | 25±5 | 28±5 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.69±0.18 | 0.69±0.14 | 0.983 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 64±13 | 65±13 | 0.601 |
| Anemia (n, %) | 17, 25.0 | 19, 17.1 | 0.184 |
| CKD G3b (n, %) | 7, 10.3 | 6, 5.4 | 0.246 |
| Hyperadiponectinemia (n, %) | 21, 30.9 | 16, 14.4 | 0.008 |
Mean±SD or n, %.
BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate;hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein;PAI-1, plasminogen activator-inhibitor-1; PB, postbreakfast;SMI, skeletal muscle mass index;TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.