Associations between baseline low back pain and risk of diabetes at the end of follow-up in the cohort study of individuals without diabetes at baseline
| Women | Men | |
| Adjustment for age | ||
| RR (95% CI), LBP versus no LBP | 1.40 (1.19 to 1.64) | 1.04 (0.87 to 1.24) |
| P values | <0.001 | 0.68 |
| Number of individuals included | 16 552 | 13 828 |
| Adjustment for age and BMI | ||
| RR (95% CI), LBP versus no LBP | 1.26 (1.07 to 1.48) | 1.02 (0.86 to 1.20) |
| P values | 0.005 | 0.86 |
| Number of individuals included | 16 510 | 13 793 |
| Complete adjustment* | ||
| RR (95% CI), LBP versus no LBP | 1.30 (1.09 to 1.54) | 1.02 (0.86 to 1.21) |
| P values | 0.003 | 0.82 |
| Number of individuals included | 15 349 | 13 141 |
*Adjustment for baseline age, BMI, physical activity and smoking.
BMI, body mass index; LBP, low back pain.