Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy using ICD-10-CM codes (threshold of ≥50% type 2 diabetes-coded encounters) to classify diabetes types by member characteristics and encounter type for 2563 Kaiser Permanente Southern California members
| Total | T2DM TP | T2DM FP | T2DM TN | T2DM FN | T2DM Sensitivity (95% CI) | T2DM Specificity (95% CI) | T2DM PPV (95% CI) | T2DM NPV (95% CI) | Accuracy (%) | AUC | |
| Overall | 2563 | 591 | 71 | 1840 | 61 | 90.6 (88.4 to 92.9) | 96.3 (95.4 to 97.1) | 89.3 (86.9 to 91.6) | 96.8 (96.0 to 97.6) | 94.8 (94.0 to 95.7) | 0.95 (0.94 to 0.96) |
| Age on October 1, 2015 | |||||||||||
| <20 years | 1442 | 308 | 25 | 1087 | 22 | 93.3 (90.6 to 96.0) | 97.8 (96.9 to 98.6) | 92.5 (89.7 to 95.3) | 98.0 (97.2 to 98.8) | 96.7 (95.8 to 97.7) | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99) |
| ≥20 years | 1121 | 283 | 46 | 753 | 39 | 87.9 (84.3 to 91.5) | 94.2 (92.6 to 95.9) | 86.0 (82.3 to 89.8) | 95.1 (93.6 to 96.6) | 92.4 (90.9 to 94.0) | 0.92 (0.90 to 0.94) |
| Race/ethnicity* | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 1236 | 340 | 41 | 823 | 32 | 91.4 (88.5 to 94.2) | 95.3 (93.8 to 96.7) | 89.2 (86.1 to 92.4) | 96.3 (95 to 97.5) | 94.1 (92.8 to 95.4) | 0.95 (0.94 to 0.97) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 129 | 55 | 6 | 65 | 3 | 94.8 (89.1 to 100.0) | 91.5 (85.1 to 98) | 90.2 (82.7 to 97.6) | 95.6 (90.7 to 100.0) | 93.0 (88.6 to 97.4) | 0.93 (0.88 to 0.98) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 336 | 101 | 15 | 208 | 12 | 89.4 (83.7 to 95.1) | 93.3 (90.0 to 96.6) | 87.1 (81.0 to 93.2) | 94.5 91.5 to 97.5) | 92.0 (89.1 to 94.9) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.97) |
| Non-Hispanic white | 733 | 64 | 7 | 650 | 12 | 84.2 (76.0 to 92.4) | 98.9 (98.1 to 99.7) | 90.1 (83.2 to 97.1) | 98.2 (97.2 to 99.2) | 97.4 (96.3 to 98.6) | 0.93 (0.89 to 0.98) |
| Other/unknown | 129 | 31 | 2 | 94 | 2 | 93.9 (85.8 to 100.0) | 97.9 (95.1 to 100.0) | 93.9 (85.8 to 100.0) | 97.9 (95.1 to 100.0) | 96.9 (93.9 to 99.9) | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.01) |
| Body mass index category† | |||||||||||
| Underweight/normal | 952 | 28 | 14 | 895 | 15 | 65.1 (50.9 to 79.4) | 98.5 (97.7 to 99.3) | 66.7 (52.4 to 80.9) | 98.4 (97.5 to 99.2) | 97.0 (95.9 to 98.0) | 0.84 (0.75 to 0.92) |
| Overweight/obese | 1535 | 543 | 54 | 894 | 44 | 92.5 (90.4 to 94.6) | 94.3 (92.8 to 95.8) | 91.0 (88.7 to 93.3) | 95.3 (94.0 to 96.7) | 93.6 (92.4 to 94.8) | 0.95 (0.94 to 0.96) |
| Number of encounters | |||||||||||
| 1–3 | 934 | 293 | 33 | 586 | 22 | 93.0 (90.2 to 95.8) | 94.7 (92.9 to 96.4) | 89.9 (86.6 to 93.2) | 96.4 (94.9 to 97.9) | 94.1 (92.6 to 95.6) | 0.95 (0.93 to 0.96) |
| 4–6 | 878 | 160 | 20 | 678 | 20 | 88.9 (84.3 to 93.5) | 97.1 (95.9 to 98.4) | 88.9 (84.3 to 93.5) | 97.1 (95.9 to 98.4) | 95.4 (94.1 to 96.8) | 0.95 (0.92 to 0.97) |
| ≥7 | 751 | 138 | 18 | 576 | 19 | 87.9 (82.8 to 93.0) | 97.0 (95.6 to 98.3) | 88.5 (83.4 to 93.5) | 96.8 (95.4 to 98.2) | 95.1 (93.5 to 96.6) | 0.96 (0.93 to 0.98) |
| Encounter type‡ | |||||||||||
| Endocrinology | 1734 | 239 | 54 | 1401 | 40 | 85.7 (81.6 to 89.8) | 96.3 (95.3 to 97.3) | 81.6 (77.1 to 86.0) | 97.2 (96.4 to 98.1) | 94.6 (93.5 to 95.6) | – |
| Other | 2146 | 526 | 60 | 1509 | 51 | 91.2 (88.8 to 93.5) | 96.2 (95.2 to 97.1) | 89.8 (87.3 to 92.2) | 96.7 (95.8 to 97.6) | 94.8 (93.9 to 95.8) | – |
*All categories besides Hispanic are non-Hispanic, except for other/unknown category, which might include Hispanic persons in the unknown group.
†BMI is missing for 76 persons.
‡Does not sum to 2563 because encounter types are not mutually exclusive. A person can have one or both types of encounters.
AUC, area under the curve; FN, false negative; FP, false positive; ICD-10-CM, International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TN, true negative; TP, true positive.