Table 2

Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy using ICD-10-CM codes (threshold of ≥50% type 2 diabetes-coded encounters) to classify diabetes types by member characteristics and encounter type for 2563 Kaiser Permanente Southern California members

TotalT2DM TPT2DM FPT2DM TNT2DM FNT2DM Sensitivity (95% CI)T2DM Specificity (95% CI)T2DM
PPV (95% CI)
T2DM NPV (95% CI)Accuracy (%)AUC
Overall25635917118406190.6
(88.4 to 92.9)
96.3
(95.4 to 97.1)
89.3
(86.9 to 91.6)
96.8
(96.0 to 97.6)
94.8
(94.0 to 95.7)
0.95
(0.94 to 0.96)
Age on October 1, 2015
 <20 years14423082510872293.3
(90.6 to 96.0)
97.8
(96.9 to 98.6)
92.5
(89.7 to 95.3)
98.0
(97.2 to 98.8)
96.7
(95.8 to 97.7)
0.98
(0.97 to 0.99)
 ≥20 years1121283467533987.9
(84.3 to 91.5)
94.2
(92.6 to 95.9)
86.0
(82.3 to 89.8)
95.1
(93.6 to 96.6)
92.4
(90.9 to 94.0)
0.92
(0.90 to 0.94)
Race/ethnicity*
 Hispanic1236340418233291.4
(88.5 to 94.2)
95.3
(93.8 to 96.7)
89.2
(86.1 to 92.4)
96.3
(95 to 97.5)
94.1
(92.8 to 95.4)
0.95
(0.94 to 0.97)
 Asian/Pacific Islander12955665394.8
(89.1 to 100.0)
91.5
(85.1 to 98)
90.2
(82.7 to 97.6)
95.6
(90.7 to 100.0)
93.0
(88.6 to 97.4)
0.93
(0.88 to 0.98)
 Non-Hispanic black336101152081289.4
(83.7 to 95.1)
93.3
(90.0 to 96.6)
87.1
(81.0 to 93.2)
94.5
91.5 to 97.5)
92.0
(89.1 to 94.9)
0.94
(0.91 to 0.97)
 Non-Hispanic white7336476501284.2
(76.0 to 92.4)
98.9
(98.1 to 99.7)
90.1
(83.2 to 97.1)
98.2
(97.2 to 99.2)
97.4
(96.3 to 98.6)
0.93
(0.89 to 0.98)
 Other/unknown12931294293.9
(85.8 to 100.0)
97.9
(95.1 to 100.0)
93.9
(85.8 to 100.0)
97.9
(95.1 to 100.0)
96.9
(93.9 to 99.9)
0.96
(0.91 to 1.01)
Body mass index category†
 Underweight/normal95228148951565.1
(50.9 to 79.4)
98.5
(97.7 to 99.3)
66.7
(52.4 to 80.9)
98.4
(97.5 to 99.2)
97.0
(95.9 to 98.0)
0.84
(0.75 to 0.92)
 Overweight/obese1535543548944492.5
(90.4 to 94.6)
94.3
(92.8 to 95.8)
91.0
(88.7 to 93.3)
95.3
(94.0 to 96.7)
93.6
(92.4 to 94.8)
0.95
(0.94 to 0.96)
Number of encounters
 1–3934293335862293.0
(90.2 to 95.8)
94.7
(92.9 to 96.4)
89.9
(86.6 to 93.2)
96.4
(94.9 to 97.9)
94.1
(92.6 to 95.6)
0.95
(0.93 to 0.96)
 4–6878160206782088.9
(84.3 to 93.5)
97.1
(95.9 to 98.4)
88.9
(84.3 to 93.5)
97.1
(95.9 to 98.4)
95.4
(94.1 to 96.8)
0.95
(0.92 to 0.97)
 ≥7751138185761987.9
(82.8 to 93.0)
97.0
(95.6 to 98.3)
88.5
(83.4 to 93.5)
96.8
(95.4 to 98.2)
95.1
(93.5 to 96.6)
0.96
(0.93 to 0.98)
Encounter type‡
 Endocrinology17342395414014085.7
(81.6 to 89.8)
96.3
(95.3 to 97.3)
81.6
(77.1 to 86.0)
97.2
(96.4 to 98.1)
94.6
(93.5 to 95.6)
 Other21465266015095191.2
(88.8 to 93.5)
96.2
(95.2 to 97.1)
89.8
(87.3 to 92.2)
96.7
(95.8 to 97.6)
94.8
(93.9 to 95.8)
  • *All categories besides Hispanic are non-Hispanic, except for other/unknown category, which might include Hispanic persons in the unknown group.

  • †BMI is missing for 76 persons.

  • ‡Does not sum to 2563 because encounter types are not mutually exclusive. A person can have one or both types of encounters.

  • AUC, area under the curve; FN, false negative; FP, false positive; ICD-10-CM, International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TN, true negative; TP, true positive.