Ordinal logistic regression analysis for predictors of neuropathic pain among type 2 DM participants
| Variable | Estimate | SE | Wald | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Neuropathy category 1 | 2.61 | 1.84 | 2.004.20 | 13.59 (0.37 to 504.87) | 0.16 |
| Neuropathy category 2 | 3.80 | 1.85 | 4.20 | 44.70 (1.18 to 1691.22) | 0.04 |
| Age (years) | 0.02 | 0.02 | 2.33 | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) | 0.13 |
| Female gender and male gender (Ref.) | 0.90 | 0.33 | 7.45 | 2.45 (1.29 to 4.67) | <0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.51 | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.10) | 0.22 |
| Smoking and non-smoking (Ref.) | 0.51 | 0.40 | 1.64 | 1.66 (0.76 to 3.62) | 0.20 |
| Duration of DM (years) | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.78 | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.07) | 0.38 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | −0.06 | 0.04 | 2.81 | 0.94 (0.87 to 1.01) | 0.09 |
| HbA1c (%) | 0.18 | 0.09 | 3.79 | 1.19 (1.00 to 1.43) | 0.05 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.92 | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.01) | 0.34 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | <−0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.03) | 0.91 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL) | <0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.03) | 0.86 |
Model fitting information: −2 Log likelihood=468.08 (intercept only) and 447.66 (final); χ2=20.42; p=0.03. Goodness of fit information: Pearson χ2=438.01; Pearson p value=0.41; deviance χ2=447.66; deviance p value=0.29. Neuropathy category 1: neuropathy score ≤12. Neuropathy category 2: neuropathy score 13–19. Neuropathy category 3: neuropathy score ≥19. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; Ref, reference; SBP, systolic blood pressure.