Intervention (conventional treatment+IPES) | Control (conventional treatment) | |
Cost and outcome analyses | ||
Costs (total patient cost in 1 year (US$)) | 254.34 | 327.61 |
Outcome (reduction in A1c) | 0.359 | 0.170 |
Cost-effectiveness ratio (US$/reduction in A1c) | 708.47 | 1927.13 |
Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio | (254.34–327.61)/(0.359–0.170)=387.67 | |
Sensitivity analysis | ||
Dominated (highest cost × lowest effectiveness) | 16 scenarios—19.2% | |
Trade-off (ICER >GDP per capita)—IPES very cost-effective | 40 scenarios—50.1% | |
Dominant (lowest cost × highest effectiveness) | 25 scenarios—30.9% |
A1c, glycated hemoglobin; GDP, gross domestic product; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; IPES, individual pharmacotherapeutic empowerment strategy.