Treatment effects and adverse event rates
| SUSTAIN 4 | SUSTAIN 7 | ||||||
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg | Semaglutide 1 mg | Insulin glargine U100 | Semaglutide 0.5 mg | Dulaglutide 0.75 mg | Semaglutide 1 mg | Dulaglutide 1.5 mg | |
| HbA1c (%) | −1.2 (0.1)* | −1.6 (0.1)* | −0.8 (0.1) | −1.5 (0.1)* | −1.1 (0.1) | −1.8 (0.1)* | −1.4 (0.1) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | −5 (0.7)* | −5 (0.7)* | −2 (0.7) | −2 (0.8) | −2 (0.8) | −5 (0.8) | −3 (0.8) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −9 (1.6)* | −9 (1.6)* | −2 (1.6) | −7 (1.7) | −6 (1.8) | −5 (1.8) | −3 (1.8) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | −1 (0.4) | 0 (0.4)* | −1 (0.3) | 0 (0.3) | 0 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | −4 (1.3)* | −5 (1.3)* | 1 (1.4) | −3 (1.5) | −3 (1.5) | 0 (1.6) | 1 (1.5) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | −18 (3.2) | −22 (3.1)* | −12 (3.2) | −14 (3.1) | −14 (3.1) | −22 (2.9) | −16 (3.0) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −1.2 (0.1)* | −1.9 (0.1)* | 0.4 (0.1) | −1.6 (0.1)* | −0.8 (0.1) | −2.3 (0.1)* | −1.1 (0.1) |
| Non-severe hypoglycemia (events per 100 patient-years) | 12 | 13 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| Severe hypoglycemia (events per 100 patient-years) | 2 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Proportion of non-severe events that are nocturnal | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Proportion of severe events that are nocturnal | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
*Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level. Values are means (SE).
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.