| Diag | F/U | HbA1c (mmol/mol) | BMI (SDS) | Systolic BP (SDS) | Diastolic BP (SDS) | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | LDL (mmol/L) | HDL (mmol/L) | Triglycerides (mmol/L) | |||||||||
| 565 (100) | 262 (46.4) | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | Diag | F/U | |
| Mean (SD) of main outcomes Diagnosis (<1 month) Follow-up (4-year review) | – | – | 93.6 (24) | 73.9 (19.5) | 0.6 (1.1) | 0.5 (1.1) | −0.5 (1.1) | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.4 (1.0) | 0.9 (0.9) | 4.2 (0.9) | 4.3 (0.9) | 2.3 (0.6) | 2.2 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.8 (0.5) |
| % abnormal values for each outcome | – | – | 92.6 | 81.5 | 33.8 | 34.8 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 20.5 | 31.5 | 63.5 | 71.2 | 34.2 | 24.5 | 22.0 | 5.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
| White | 228 (40.1) | 103 (40.8) | 92.1 (20.8) | 68.5 (17.4) | 0.5 (1.1) | 0.6 (1.0) | −0.4 (1.0) | −0.2 (1.0) | 0.6 (1.1) | 0.9 (0.9) | 4.3 (0.9) | 4.2 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.7 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.5) |
| Mixed-ethnicity | 47 (8.3) | 20 (7.6) | 88.5 (21.4) | 85.0 (27.3)* | 0.4 (0.8) | 0.6 (1.1) | −0.8 (1.5) | −0.1 (0.7) | 0.2 (1.0) | 0.8 (0.9) | 4.2 (1.2) | 4.3 (0.6) | 2.4 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.3) | 1.7 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.5) |
| African Somali | 45 (8.0) | 20 (7.6) | 91.8 (21.6) | 74.5 (11) | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.1 (0.8 * | −0.6 (1.2) | −0.3 (0.8) | 0.4 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.9) | 4.0 (1.0) | 2.7 (−) | 1.9 (0.7) | 1.1 (−) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.4 (−) | 1.7 (0.8) | 0.5 (0.5) |
| Black-other | 68 (12.0) | 36 (13.2) | 95.2 (25.4) | 78.7 (22.6) * | 1.5 (0.9)* | 1.1 (0.9)* | −0.4 (0.8) | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.5 (0.8) | 0.9 (0.9) | 4.6 (0.9) | 3.9 (1.3) | 2.5 (0.6) | 2.1 (1.1) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.5) | 1.0 (0.6) |
| Bangladeshi | 46 (8.1) | 25 (9.5) | 100.0 (24.1) | 77.1 (18.9) * | 0.3 (1.3) | 1.0 (1.1) | −1.1 (1.4) * | −0.04 (1.1) | −0.03 (0.9) | 1.1 (0.9) | 4.3 (0.8) | 5.1 (0.9)* | 2.3 (0.8) | 2.3 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.2) | 1.7 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.1) |
| Asian-other | 131 (23.2) | 58 (22.1) | 93.2 (32.5) | 72.2 (16.3) | 0.1 (1.0) | 0.4(1.2) | −0.2 (1.4) | −0.4 (1.2) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.8 (0.9) | 4.1 (0.7) | 4.3 (0.4) | 2.4 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.7(0.4) | 1.0 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.5) |
| P value *Significant variation from white reference group | – | – | NS | <0.01 | <0.001 | <0.01 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | <0.05 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Glycemic control | ||||||||||||||||||
| Good (HbA1c <58 mmol/mol) | 15 (7.4) | 58 (18.5) | – | – | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.4 (0.9) | −0.2 (1.0) | −0.7 (0.8) | 0.4 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.7) | 4.2 (1.0) | 3.7 (0.7) | 2.4 (0.7) | 1.9 (0.5) | 1.4 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.7 (0.3) |
| Poor (HbA1c >80 mmol/mol) | 148 (72.9) | 90 (28.8) | – | – | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.5 (1.2) | −0.6 (1.1) | −0.2 (1.0) | 0.4 (1.1) | 0.7 (0.9) | 4.3 (1.0) | 4.6 (2.0) | 2.3 (0.7) | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.8) | 0.7 (0.4) |
| P value | – | – | – | – | <0.01 | NS | NS | <0.01 | NS | NS | NS | <0.05 | NS | <0.05 | NS | NS | NS | NS |
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SDS, SD score.