Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Before inverse probability of treatment weighting | After inverse probability of treatment weighting | |||||
| Canagliflozin 300 mg (n=755) | Any dose of GLP-1 receptor agonist (n=2416) | Absolute standardized difference* | Canagliflozin 300 mg (n=750) | Any dose of GLP-1 receptor agonist (n=2417) | Absolute standardized difference* | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 54.6 (8.7) | 53.1 (9.1) | 17% | 53.4 (9.1) | 53.5 (9.0) | 1% |
| 18–24, n (%) | ≤10 | ≤10 | 18% | ≤10 | ≤10 | 8% |
| 25–34, n (%) | 11 (1.5) | 66 (2.7) | 18 (2.4) | 60 (2.5) | ||
| 35–44, n (%) | 75 (9.9) | 348 (14.4) | 89 (11.9) | 329 (13.6) | ||
| 45–54, n (%) | 264 (35.0) | 865 (35.8) | 274 (36.5) | 850 (35.2) | ||
| 55–64, n (%) | 331 (43.8) | 935 (38.7) | 305 (40.6) | 973 (40.3) | ||
| 65–74, n (%) | 61 (8.1) | 171 (7.1) | 51 (6.8) | 175 (7.2) | ||
| ≥75, n (%) | 11 (1.5) | 24 (1.0) | ≤10 | 24 (1.0) | ||
| Age breakdown (years) | ||||||
| <65 | 683 (90.5) | 2221 (91.9) | 5% | 690 (91.9) | 2218 (91.8) | 1% |
| ≥65 | 72 (9.5) | 195 (8.1) | 5% | 60 (8.1) | 199 (8.2) | 1% |
| Female, n (%) | 287 (38.0) | 1277 (52.9) | 30% | 369 (49.3) | 1190 (49.2) | 0% |
| Insurance plan type, n (%) | ||||||
| HMO | 288 (38.1) | 890 (36.8) | 9% | 281 (37.5) | 899 (37.2) | 1% |
| PPO | 393 (52.1) | 1344 (55.6) | 410 (54.6) | 1323 (54.8) | ||
| CDHP | 74 (9.8) | 182 (7.5) | 59 (7.9) | 195 (8.1) | ||
| Geographic region, n (%) | ||||||
| Northeast | 76 (10.1) | 345 (14.3) | 16% | 102 (13.6) | 322 (13.3) | 1% |
| Midwest | 108 (14.3) | 410 (17.0) | 120 (16.1) | 394 (16.3) | ||
| South | 418 (55.4) | 1244 (51.5) | 393 (52.5) | 1266 (52.4) | ||
| West | 153 (20.3) | 417 (17.3) | 134 (17.9) | 436 (18.0) | ||
| Medicare Advantage, n (%) | 19 (2.5) | 106 (4.4) | 10% | 26 (3.4) | 95 (3.9) | 3% |
| Baseline HbA1c (%), mean (SD) | 8.7 (1.7) | 8.4 (1.7) | 15% | 8.5 (1.7) | 8.5 (1.7) | 4% |
| Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, mean (SD) | 3.17 (1.58) | 3.35 (1.65) | 11% | 3.33 (1.69) | 3.31 (1.63) | 1% |
| 0, n (%) | ≤10 | 20 (0.8) | 14% | ≤10 | 20 (0.8) | 4% |
| 1–2, n (%) | 288 (38.1) | 805 (33.3) | 266 (35.5) | 832 (34.4) | ||
| 3–4, n (%) | 336 (44.5) | 1082 (44.8) | 327 (43.6) | 1075 (44.5) | ||
| 5+, n (%) | 128 (17.0) | 509 (21.1) | 153 (20.4) | 491 (20.3) | ||
| Diabetes Complications Severity Index, mean (SD) | 0.63 (0.98) | 0.67 (1.10) | 4% | 0.67 (0.99) | 0.66 (1.10) | 1% |
| 0, n (%) | 472 (62.5) | 1522 (63.0) | 14% | 455 (60.6) | 1532 (63.4) | 4% |
| 1–2, n (%) | 244 (32.3) | 735 (30.4) | 254 (33.9) | 728 (30.1) | ||
| 3–4, n (%) | 35 (4.6) | 123 (5.1) | 36 (4.8) | 121 (5.0) | ||
| 5+, n (%) | ≤10 | 36 (1.5) | ≤10 | 36 (1.5) | ||
*Absolute standardized difference >10% is considered significant.
CDHP, consumer-driven health plan (health reimbursement account, health savings account); GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; HMO, health maintenance organization; PPO, preferred provider organization.