Comparison of baseline characteristics between patients with and without a T12 HbA1c measurement.
| Baseline HbA1c value (n=1362) | P value | |||
| All (n=1362) | T12 missing (n=675) | T12 present (n=687) | ||
| Age | 46.2 (±16.1) | 45.0 (±16.3) | 47.3 (±15.7) | 0.008 |
| Sex (men) | 742 (54.5%) | 382 (56.6%) | 360 (52.4%) | 0.128 |
| DM type | ||||
| 1 | 1051 (77.2%) | 508 (75.3%) | 543 (79.0) | |
| 2 | 223 (16.4%) | 124 (18.4%) | 99 (14.4) | |
| LADA | 62 (4.6%) | 29 (4.3%) | 33 (4.8) | |
| MODY | 7 (0.5%) | 4 (0.6%) | 3 (0.4) | |
| Others | 19 (1.4%) | 10 (1.5%) | 9 (1.3) | 0.357 |
| Indication | ||||
| Hypoglycemia unawareness 1 | 156 (11.5%) | 83 (12.3%) | 73 (10.6% | |
| Unexpected hypoglycemias 2 | 410 (30.1%) | 192 (28.4%) | 218 (31.7%) | |
| HbA1c>70 mmol/mol (8.5%) 3 | 294 (21.6%) | 162 (24.0%) | 132 (19.2%) | |
| Unwanted sensation loss of the fingers 4 | 19 (1.4%) | 9 (1.3%) | 10 (1.5%) | |
| Occupational hazards with hypoglycemia 5 | 57 (4.2%) | 29 (4.3%) | 28 (4.1%) | |
| Individuals eligible for CGM 6 | 43 (3.2%) | 22 (3.3%) | 21 (3.1%) | |
| Individuals already using FSL-FGM 7 | 100 (7.3%) | 41 (6.1%) | 59 (8.6%) | |
| Multiple indications | 283 (20.8%) | 137 (20.3%) | 146 (21.3%) | 0.262 |
| HbA1c T0 | 64.2 (±14.2) 62 (55, 72) | 65.0 (±14.6) 63 (55, 74) | 63.4 (±13.6) 62 (54, 71) | 0.031 0.026 |
Indication: (1) Individuals with ‘hypoglycaemia unawareness’ and occurrence of moderate to severe hypoglycemic episodes despite an average of six or more measurements per day over the past year and intensive support from a diabetes team. (2) Individuals with unexpected hypoglycemias despite an average of six or more measurements per day over the past year and despite intensive support from a diabetes team. (3) Individuals treated with insulin who, despite maximal efforts (frequent blood monitoring and proper lifestyle management) and intensive support from their diabetes team, do not reach acceptable glycemic control, as evidenced by a mean HbA1c>70 mmol / mol (8.5%) over the year preceding the inclusion. (4) Individuals having an occupation, where sensation loss of the fingers by frequent use of HBGM can cause disability, such as musicians, who under other circumstances would be advised by the healthcare team to perform frequent HBGM daily. (5) Individuals having an occupation, where even relatively rarely occurring hypoglycemic episodes would lead to a situation endangering themselves and/or others (eg, bus and lorry drivers, school teachers, sports trainers). (6) Individuals who at the moment are already eligible for CGM according to the Dutch regulations. (7) Individuals already using the FSL-FGM on their own costs, but fit with one of the indications as described above. Subjects who were eligible for more than one target indication were included in a separate group.
CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; DM, diabetes mellitus; FSL-FGM, FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring; HBGM, home blood glucose meter; LADA, Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults; MODY, maturity-onset diabetes of the young; T12, 12 months.