Selected baseline characteristics by level of physical activity
| Characteristic | Baseline total physical activity (MET-h/day) | All | ||||
| <9.40 | 9.40–14.99 | 15.00–22.81 | 22.82–33.99 | 34.00+ | ||
| Number of participants | 91 095 | 91 482 | 93 788 | 92 190 | 92 181 | 460 736 |
| Physical activity-related factors | ||||||
| Total physical activity, MET-h/day | 6.2 (2.5) | 12.3 (1.6) | 18.6 (2.3) | 28.0 (3.2) | 42.7 (8.1) | 21.8 (13.8) |
| Sedentary leisure-time, hour/day | 3.6 (1.8) | 3.3 (1.5) | 3.0 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.4) | 2.6 (1.3) | 3.0 (1.5) |
| Demographic factors | ||||||
| Age, years | 57.8 (11.0) | 54.0 (10.6) | 50.2 (9.9) | 47.8 (9.1) | 46.1 (8.2) | 51.2 (10.5) |
| Women, % | 60.4 | 65.9 | 61.5 | 53.9 | 45.2 | 59.0 |
| Living in urban area, % | 50.7 | 44.5 | 43.9 | 34.4 | 29.9 | 42.3 |
| Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, % | ||||||
| High school education or above | 18.2 | 23.9 | 24.9 | 21.2 | 16.5 | 20.8 |
| Household income ≥¥20 000 per year | 37.0 | 45.1 | 45.8 | 43.6 | 40.4 | 42.7 |
| Manual worker | 27.1 | 44.4 | 62.4 | 71.2 | 74.3 | 58.8 |
| Ever regular smoker: men | 76.3 | 74.6 | 72.8 | 73.9 | 74.6 | 74.6 |
| Women | 3.7 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.0 |
| Current drinker: men | 32.1 | 35.4 | 34.7 | 34.8 | 34.4 | 34.0 |
| Women | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Daily fresh fruit consumption | 18.6 | 20.5 | 20.4 | 18.2 | 16.5 | 18.2 |
| Daily fresh vegetable consumption | 95.2 | 96.0 | 94.8 | 93.0 | 95.1 | 94.7 |
| Daily meat/poultry consumption | 30.7 | 30.7 | 29.1 | 28.1 | 27.8 | 28.9 |
| Daily fish consumption | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
| Daily soybean product consumption | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.5 |
| Physical and blood measurements | ||||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.7 (3.6) | 23.7 (3.5) | 23.5 (3.3) | 23.3 (3.2) | 23.3 (3.1) | 23.5 (3.3) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 80.7 (10.1) | 80.4 (9.7) | 79.8 (9.5) | 79.2 (9.3) | 78.9 (8.9) | 79.7 (9.6) |
| Body fat percentage | 28.5 (9.0) | 28.3 (8.5) | 27.7 (8.1) | 27.2 (7.9) | 27.0 (7.8) | 27.7 (8.3) |
| Obese, % | 4.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.5 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 130.1 (22.6) | 130.0 (21.5) | 129.7 (20.3) | 129.6 (19.9) | 129.4 (19.1) | 130.0 (20.8) |
| Heart rate, bpm | 79.6 (11.9) | 79.1 (11.5) | 78.5 (11.5) | 78.2 (11.7) | 77.6 (11.7) | 78.6 (11.7) |
| Random plasma glucose, mmol/L | 5.7 (1.2) | 5.7 (1.2) | 5.7 (1.1) | 5.7 (1.1) | 5.7 (1.1) | 5.7 (1.1) |
| Self-reported conditions at baseline, % | ||||||
| Hypertension* | 10.4 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 7.3 | 9.1 |
| Poor health | 13.2 | 9.1 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 8.8 |
| Family history of diabetes† | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.3 |
Values are mean (SD) unless otherwise stated. Means and percentages are directly standardised to age, sex and study area structure of the included study population, as appropriate.
Two participants with missing BMI data; 214 participants with missing body fat percentage data; 7884 participants with missing random plasma glucose data.
Obese, BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
*28.8% of participants had screen detected hypertension (SBP ≥140 mm Hg or DBP ≥90 mm Hg) at baseline.
†First-degree relatives only.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MET-h/day, metabolic equivalents of task hours per day; SBP, systolic blood pressure.