Characteristics of subjects with type 2 diabetes and non-diabetic control subjects
| Type 2 diabetes (n=186) | Control group (n=57) | P value | |
| Sex (woman) (n, %) | 107 (57.53%) | 37 (64.91%) | 0.32 |
| Ethnicity (Caucasian n, %) | 178 (95.7%) | 56 (98.25%) | 0.64 |
| Age (years) | 65.7±6.47 | 66.02±6.63 | 0.75 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.25±4.9 | 26.83±4.77 | <0.00001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 103.9±13.53 | 91.2±13.92 | <0.00001 |
| Smoking | 0.59 | ||
| No (n, %) | 99 (53.23%) | 34 (59.65%) | |
| Current smoker (n, %) | 25 (13.44%) | 7 (12.3%) | |
| Ex-smoker (n, %) | 62 (33.33%) | 15 (26.32%) | |
| CV family history (n, %) | 22 (11.83%) | 8 (14.04%) | 0.65 |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 134 (72.04%) | 28 (49.12%) | 0.001 |
| Use of ARB/ACEi (n, %) | 118 (63.44%) | 18 (31.58%) | <0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 148 (78.57%) | 25 (43.86%) | <0.00001 |
| Use of statins (n, %) | 133 (71.51%) | 19 (31.67%) | <0.00001 |
| Use of ezetimibe (n, %) | 10 (5.38%) | 0 (0%) | 0.074 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.43±1.18 | 5.55±0.31 | <0.00001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 57.85±12.96 | 37.12±3.31 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.82±0.24 | 0.76±0.19 | 0.76 |
| GFR mL/min | 81.76±16 | 85.58±10.88 | 0.09 |
| AST (IU/L) | 25.51±15.71 | 23.48±5.73 | 0.34 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 25.94±16.88 | 21.12±10.55 | 0.043 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 44.46±71.82 | 31.04±29.77 | 0.17 |
Data are expressed as % or mean±SD.
ACEi, ACE inhibitors; ALT, alanine transaminase; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CV, cardiovascular; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase.