Baseline characteristics of subjects with different HbA1c levels
| Characteristics | All | HbA1c ≤6.5% | HbA1c 6.6%–6.9% | HbA1c 7.0%–8.0% | HbA1c >8.0% | P value |
| N | 1880 | 961 | 271 | 346 | 302 | |
| Age (years) | 59.1±6.9 | 58.7±7.0 | 58.8±6.6 | 60.3±6.5 | 59.0±6.9 | 0.004 |
| Male, n (%) | 739 (39.3) | 378 (39.3) | 101 (37.3) | 134 (38.7) | 126 (41.7) | 0.74 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5±3.5 | 25.4±3.5 | 26.1±4.2 | 25.7±3.1 | 25.2±3.3 | 0.014 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.90±0.06 | 0.90±0.06 | 0.91±0.08 | 0.91±0.06 | 0.91±0.06 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 137.9±18.1 | 138.0±18.5 | 137.2±15.5 | 138.6±18.5 | 137.5±18.3 | 0.76 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 82.0±9.7 | 82.4±9.9 | 81.5±7.9 | 81.8±9.5 | 81.6±10.7 | 0.39 |
| HbA1c | 7.0±1.5 | 5.96±0.4 | 6.7±0.1 | 7.4±0.3 | 9.8±1.6 | <0.0001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 8.1±2.5 | 6.9±1.0 | 7.6±1.0 | 8.5±1.4 | 12±3.5 | <0.0001 |
| 2hPG (mmol/L) | 13.7±4.5 | 11.7±3.0 | 13.1±2.8 | 14.8±3.4 | 19.3±5.3 | <0.0001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.2±0.3 | 1.25±0.34 | 1.17±0.30 | 1.16±0.27 | 1.16±0.27 | <0.0001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.7±0.8 | 2.7±0.8 | 2.8±0.9 | 2.7±0.8 | 2.8±0.8 | 0.42 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.8±1.1 | 4.94±1.1 | 4.8±1.1 | 4.8±1.0 | 4.9±1.1 | 0.89 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.65 (1.15–2.46) | 1.58 (1.11–2.39) | 1.68 (1.13–2.48) | 1.73 (1.28–2.57) | 1.67 (1.13–2.52) | 0.04 |
| Insulin | 7.87 (5.30–11.10) | 7.70 (5.20–11.10) | 8.09 (5.38–11.30) | 8.13 (5.52–11.50) | 6.95 (4.80–10.50) | 0.19 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1252 (66.6) | 631 (65.9) | 185 (68.3) | 240 (69.4) | 195 (64.8) | 0.68 |
| Antihypertension therapy, n (%) | 413 (22.0) | 211 (22.0) | 72 (26.6) | 83 (24.0) | 47 (15.6) | 0.009 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 342 (18.2) | 163 (17.0) | 41 (15.1) | 64 (18.5) | 74 (24.5) | 0.01 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 425 (22.6) | 204 (21.2) | 64 (23.6) | 84 (24.3) | 73 (24.2) | 0.54 |
| ASCVD score ≥10%, n (%) | 527 (28.0) | 259 (27.0) | 70 (25.8) | 109 (31.5) | 89 (29.5) | 0.31 |
| Newly diagnosed DM, n (%) | 1151 (61.2) | 770 (80.1) | 155 (57.2) | 140 (40.5) | 86 (28.5) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes duration of previous DM (years) | 6.0 (2.0–9.0) | 4.0 (2.0–6.7) | 4.0 (2.0–7.0) | 5.0 (2.5–8.0) | 7.0 (4.0–11.0) | <0.001 |
Data are means±SD or number (%) or median (IQR).
ASCVD, atherosclerotic CVD; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 2hPG, 2-hour postchallenge glucose; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total serum cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.