Cox proportional hazard regression with primary outcome of incident urolithiasis as the dependent variable
| Outcomes | Events | Person-year | Incidence density† | Crude | Model A‡ | Model B§ | |||
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | ||||
| Incident urolithiasis (any) | |||||||||
| FRAIL item count | |||||||||
| 0 | 11 418 | 1 480 355.3 | 7.7 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 1 | 5312 | 590 697.6 | 9.0 | 1.15 | 1.11 to 1.19*** | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.10 | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.09 |
| 2 | 1195 | 120 685.4 | 9.9 | 1.25 | 1.18 to 1.32*** | 1.23 | 1.12 to 1.35*** | 1.23 | 1.12 to 1.35*** |
| ≥3 | 109 | 8521.6 | 12.8 | 1.57 | 1.30 to 1.90*** | 1.45 | 1.12 to 1.89** | 1.46 | 1.12 to 1.91** |
| Every 1 item increase | 1.14 | 1.11 to 1.16*** | 1.08 | 1.04 to 1.13** | 1.08 | 1.04 to 1.13** | |||
| Individual FRAIL item | |||||||||
| Fatigue | 1.07 | 1.02 to 1.11** | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.10 | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.09 | |||
| Resistance | 1.19 | 1.04 to 1.37* | 1.16 | 1.00 to 1.34 | 1.15 | 0.99 to 1.32 | |||
| Ambulation | 1.06 | 0.85 to 1.33 | 0.93 | 0.74 to 1.17 | 0.93 | 0.74 to 1.17 | |||
| Illness | 1.22 | 1.18 to 1.26*** | 1.14 | 1.08 to 1.21*** | 1.14 | 1.08 to 1.21*** | |||
| Loss of weight | 1.38 | 1.21 to 1.57*** | 1.05 | 0.91 to 1.20 | 1.05 | 0.91 to 1.21 | |||
*P<0.05; **,P<0.01; ***P<0.001.
†per 1000 patient-year
‡Incorporating age category/gender, lifestyle factors, the year of DM diagnosis, comorbidities, aDCSI, change of frailty status during follow-up, and all medications except oral antidiabetic agents.
§Model A adding oral antidiabetic agents.
aDCSI, adapted diabetes complications severity index; Cl, confidence interval; DM, diabetes mellitus; HR, hazard ratio.