Number of events and adjusted HRs (95% CI) for MPR as a continuous measure (MPR 18 months) per one unit increase and for high refill adherence (MPR>80%) with MPR>80% compared with MPR≤80% and discontinuers* compared with continuers after 18 months
| Event | Number of events (n) | Exposure | HR (95% CI) | P value |
| Nonfatal CVD | 637 | MPR 18 months | 0.99 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.0001 |
| MPR>80 % | 0.78 (0.65 to 0.93) | 0.005 | ||
| Discontinuation 18 months | 1.43 (1.18 to 1.73) | 0.0003 | ||
| Nonfatal/fatal CVD | 695 | MPR 18 months | 0.99 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.0001 |
| MPR>80% | 0.79 (0.66 to 0.94) | 0.01 | ||
| Discontinuation 18 months | 1.47 (1.21 to 1.78) | 0.0001 | ||
| CVD death | 58 | MPR 18 months | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) | 0.23 |
| MPR>80 % | 1.96 (0.96 to 4.01) | 0.06 | ||
| Discontinuation 18 months | 0.88 (0.41 to 1.89) | 0.74 | ||
| Total death | 302 | MPR 18 months | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | 0.74 |
| MPR>80 % | 0.91 (0.71 to 1.18) | 0.49 | ||
| Discontinuation 18 months | 1.17 (0.85 to 1.60) | 0.33 |
Adjusted for age, gender, diabetes duration, BMI, smoking, physical activity, HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, albuminuria, eGFR, use of insulin pump, antihypertensive treatment, previous CVD (including coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention and endovascular grafting), atrial fibrillation, heart failure, cancer and socioeconomic status (income, marital status, education and country of origin as presented in table 2). Analyses were based on 10 imputations.
*Discontinuation (ie, nonpersistence) defined as being without medicines on hand for >180 days.
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MPR, medication possession ratio.