Associations of glycemia with diabetic peripheral neuropathy stratified by CKD status
| CKD | Controls | P value for interaction | |
| Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | ||
| Time in range (70–180 mg/dL) (per 10% lower)† | 1.27 (1.01 to 1.61) | 0.97 (0.61 to 1.53) | 0.69 |
| Time above range (>180 mg/dL) (per 10% higher)† | 1.26 (1.01 to 1.58) | 0.92 (0.58 to 1.47) | 0.63 |
| Per cent coefficient of variations (per 6% higher (1 SD)) | 1.04 (0.63 to 1.71) | 3.10 (0.87 to 11.01) | 0.37 |
| GMI (per 1% higher) | 1.93 (1.05 to 3.55) | 0.68 (0.16 to 2.84) | 0.58 |
| HbA1c (per 1% or 11 mmol/mol higher) | 1.33 (0.94 to 1.88) | 0.48 (0.14 to 1.65) | 0.83 |
| Duration of diabetes (per 10 years longer) | 1.16 (0.73 to 1.87) | 0.91 (0.23 to 3.65) | 0.58 |
Sixty-two of 105 participants with a total MNSI questionnaire score ≥2 were defined as having distal peripheral neuropathy in this analysis.
*adjusted for age, gender, and race
†10%=144 minutes/day
CKD, chronic kidney disease; GMI, glucose management indicator; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; MNSI, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument.