Variables expressed as number (%) or mean±SD | All (n=2588) | Without MetS (n=1738) | With MetS (n=850) | P* |
Gender | 0.022 | |||
Men | 959 (37.1) | 617 (35.5) | 342 (40.2) | |
Women | 1629 (62.9) | 1121 (64.5) | 508 (59.8) | |
Age | 55.9±12.6 | 54.8±11.8 | 59.1±11.2 | <0.001 |
<65 years | 1992 (77.0) | 1422 (81.8) | 570 (67.1) | |
≥65 years | 596 (23.0) | 316 (18.2) | 280 (32.9) | |
BMI | 24.9±12.6 | 23.6±3.0 | 27.7±3.6 | <0.001 |
≤24 | 1139 (44.0) | 1014 (58.3) | 125 (14.7) | |
>24 | 1449 (56.0) | 724 (41.7) | 725 (85.3) | |
Marital status | 0.168 | |||
Married | 2084 (80.5) | 1386 (79.7) | 698 (82.1) | |
Unmarried† | 504 (19.5) | 352 (20.3) | 152 (17.9) | |
Educational attainment (years) | <0.001 | |||
≤9 years (junior high school) | 1189 (45.9) | 714 (41.1) | 475 (55.9) | |
9–12 years (senior high school) | 758 (29.3) | 538 (31.0) | 220 (25.9) | |
>12 years (college and above) | 641 (24.8) | 486 (27.9) | 155 (18.2) | |
Self-perceived health status | <0.001 | |||
Upper | 1272 (49.1) | 903 (52.0) | 369 (43.4) | |
Lower | 1316 (50.9) | 835 (48.0) | 481 (56.6) | |
Source of household income | 0.002 | |||
Self | 1532 (59.2) | 1070 (61.6) | 462 (54.4) | |
Relatives | 886 (34.2) | 561 (32.3) | 325 (38.2) | |
Government | 170 (6.6) | 107 (6.2) | 63 (7.4) | |
Occupation | 0.014 | |||
Farmer/fisherman/livestock | 124 (4.8) | 73 (4.2) | 51 (6.0) | |
Laborer | 569 (22.0) | 366 (21.1) | 203 (23.9) | |
Government employee | 286 (11.1) | 202 (11.6) | 84 (9.9) | |
Services | 1098 (42.4) | 767 (44.1) | 331 (38.9) | |
None‡ | 511 (19.7) | 330 (19.0) | 181 (21.3) | |
Diet | 0.797 | |||
Vegetarian | 2504 (96.8) | 1680 (96.7) | 824 (96.9) | |
Non-vegetarian | 84 (3.2) | 58 (3.3) | 26 (3.1) | |
Smoking | 0.024 | |||
Yes | 652 (25.2) | 414 (23.8) | 238 (28.0) | |
No | 1936 (74.8) | 1324 (76.2) | 612 (72.0) | |
Drinking | 0.509 | |||
Yes | 1042 (40.3) | 708 (40.7) | 334 (39.3) | |
No | 1546 (59.7) | 1030 (59.3) | 516 (60.7) | |
Betel nut usage | 0.007 | |||
Yes | 191 (7.4) | 111 (6.4) | 80 (9.4) | |
No | 2397 (92.6) | 1627 (93.6) | 770 (90.6) |
*P value was determined using χ2 test (for gender, BMI, marital status, educational attainment, self-perceived health status, source of household income, occupation, diet, smoking, drinking, and betel nut usage).
†Unmarried included single, divorced, and widowed.
‡None included housewives.
BMI, body mass index; MetS, metabolic syndrome.