Table 2

Characteristics of patients at the beginning and end of hospitalization

	Radio calisthenics (−)				Radio calisthenics (+)
	Beginning	End	Change	P value*	Beginning	End	Change	P value*	P value†
Weight (kg)	64.1±16.3	62.4±15.2	−1.66±0.40	<0.001	70.8±19.4	69.2±18.0	−1.55±0.53	0.030	0.861
Body mass index (kg/m²)	24.6±4.8	24.1±4.5	−0.62±0.13	<0.001	26.4±7.9	25.8±7.5	−0.56±0.18	0.021	0.789
SMI (kg/m²)	6.8±1.1	6.5±1.2	−0.27±0.06	<0.001	7.1±1.4	7.1±1.3	−0.01±0.09	0.914	0.016
Weight-adjusted SMI	0.37±0.05	0.37±0.05	0.00±0.01	0.708	0.36±0.06	0.37±0.06	0.01±0.01	<0.001	0.003
Lean body mass (kg)	23.3±5.3	22.7±5.2	−0.58±0.15	<0.001	25.2±6.8	25.4±6.6	−0.54±0.52	0.532	0.210
Right arm (kg)	2.3±0.6	2.2±0.6	−0.09±0.02	<0.001	2.4±0.9	2.5±0.8	0.04±0.03	0.316	0.003
Left arm (kg)	2.2±0.6	2.2±0.6	−0.08±0.02	<0.001	2.4±0.9	2.5±0.9	0.06±0.03	0.122	0.001
Trunk (kg)	19.4±4.1	19.0±4.1	−0.43±0.12	<0.001	20.6±5.4	20.9±5.3	0.28±0.16	0.170	0.001
Right leg (kg)	6.6±1.6	6.4±1.8	−0.22±0.07	0.003	7.3±2.1	7.2±2.0	−0.05±0.09	0.591	0.136
Left leg (kg)	6.6±1.6	6.2±1.8	−0.32±0.13	0.040	7.3±2.0	7.2±2.0	−0.07±0.17	0.426	0.250
Body fat mass (kg)	20.4±9.9	20.1±1.8	−0.30±0.24	0.282	23.7±13.3	22.7±13.3	−1.01±0.32	<0.001	0.039

Data are mean±SD. Change was defined as the difference of SMI between the beginning and end of the hospitalization.
*P values are evaluated by paired t-test.
†P values are evaluated by Mann-Whitney U test.
SMI, skeletal muscle mass index.